Agriculture in India Notes

Agriculture has a long history in India dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization, and it was even being practised before the Harappans in some regions of Southern India.

India currently comes in second place globally for farm output. While approximately 50% of the population relies on agriculture for a living, its economic contribution to India's GDP is continuously falling as a result of the nation's overall economic expansion.

From the perspective of the UPSC civil services examination, agriculture in India is a critical subject. It falls under GS3 of the UPSC Mains and Questions in prelims can be framed on the basis of Important concepts , facts related to Indian. Aspirants for the IAS Exam and other competitive exams can benefit from the Agriculture Notes.

Scope and Importance of Agriculture	Problems of Indian Agriculture	Land Reforms in India
Abolition of the Intermediaries (Zamindari System)	Tenancy Reforms	Ceilings on Landholdings
Bhoodan Movement	Gramdan Movement	Cooperative Farming
Reasons for Failure of Land Reforms	Agricultural Revolutions in India	Green Revolution
Impact of Green Revolution	Evergreen Revolution	Yellow Revolution
Blue Revolution	Golden Fiber Revolution	Golden Revolution
Grey Revolution	Pink Revolution	Silver Revolution
Red Revolution	White Revolution	Silver Fiber Revolution
Protein Revolution	Agriculture Allied Sectors	Livestock
Poultry	Fisheries	Horticulture
Animal Husbandry	Dairy	Crops and its Classifications
Major Crops of India	Kharif Crops	Rabi Crops
Zaid Crops	Classification Based on Climate	Classification Based on Growing Season
Agronomic Classification of Crops	Cereals	Millets
Grain Legumes	Sugar Crops	Starch Crops
Fibre Crops	Cotton	Stem Fibres
Narcotics	Forage Crops	Grasses
Plantation Crops	Spices and Condiments	Classification Based on Life of Crops
Seasonal Crops	-	Annual Crops
Biennial Crops	Perennial Crops	Classification Based on Cultural Method
Rain-fed Crops	Irrigated Crops	Major Crops of India
Food Crops	Cash Crops	Horticulture Crops in India
Vegetable Crops	Classification Based on Root System	Tap Root system
Fibrous Root System	Classification Based on Economic Importance	Classification Based on the Number of Cotyledons
Monocots or Monocotyledons	Dicots or Dicotyledonous	Classification Based on Length of Photoperiod Required for Floral Initiation
Tillage	Types of Tillage	Clean Tillage
Blind Tillage	Zero Tillage (No tillage)	Cropping
Cropping Intensity	Cropping System	Multiple Cropping
Double Cropping	Triple Cropping	Quadruple Cropping
Monoculture	Mono Cropping	Sole Cropping
Sequential Cropping	Relay Cropping	Ratoon Cropping
Intercropping	Types of Intercropping	Strip Intercropping
Parallel Cropping	Synergistic Cropping	Multi Storey Cropping
Relay Intercropping	Alley Cropping	Mixed cropping
Difference Between Intercropping and Mixed Cropping	Factors Determining Cropping Pattern in India	Farming Systems
Wetland Farming	-	Dry Land Farming
Rain Fed Farming	Mixed Farming	Specialized Farming
Diversified Farming	Crop Rotation	Principles of Crop Rotation
Sustainable Agriculture	Organic Farming	Concepts of Organic Farming
Principles of Organic Farming	Eco-farming of Organic Farming	Organic vs Inorganic Fertilizers
Permaculture	Integrated Farming System	Elements Required In Plant Growth
Macronutrients - Elements Required In Plant Growth	Micronutrients - Elements Required In Plant Growth	Manures - Elements Required In Plant Growth
Fertilizers - Elements Required In Plant Growth	Classification of Organic Manures	Farm Yard Manure
Compost Manure	Sheep and Goat Droppings	Concentrated Organic Manures
Oil Cakes	Bone Meal	Fish Meal
Green Manuring	Green Leaf Manuring	Bio-fertilizers
Nitrogen Fixers	Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)	Weeds
Watershed Management	Different Types of Irrigation and Irrigation Systems	Well and Tube Well Irrigation
Canal Irrigation	Tank Irrigation	Micro Irrigation
Drip Irrigation	Sprinkler Irrigation	Fertigation
Furrow Irrigation	Surge Irrigation	Sub Irrigation or Seepage Irrigation
Irrigation Schemes in India	Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)	Environmental Effects of Irrigation
Soil	Soil Terracing	Soil Components
Soil Profile	Soil Texture	Loam Soil Texture
Soil Structure	Types of Soil	Saline Soils
Sodic Soils	Acid Soils	Sandy soils
Podzolization	Laterization	Gleization
Salinization	Desalinization	Alkalization
Dealkalization	Desertification	Water Logging
Stages of Soil Erosion	Splash Erosion	Sheet erosion
Rill Erosion	Gully Erosion	System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI)	Transport & Marketing of Agricultural Produce and Issues & Related Constraints	Agricultural Marketing
Agricultural Marketing in India	APMC Acts	Agricultural Marketing Reforms
eNAM	Model APMC Act 2017	Essential Commodities Act (ECA), 1955
Farmer Producer Organisations (FPO)	Contract Farming	Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities
Cooperative Marketing	Warehousing	Role of Food Corporation of India
Supply Chain Management	E-Technology in the Aid of Farmers (Technology Missions)	Agriculture Extension Services
Issues Related to Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices	Agricultural Pricing Policy	Minimum Support Price (MSP)
Commission for Agricultural Cost and Prices (CACP)	Fair and Remunerative Price	Open Market Sale Scheme (Domestic)
Fertilizer Subsidy	Agricultural Equipment subsidy	Export Subsidy
WTO and Agricultural Subsidies	Green Box Subsidy	Blue Box Subsidy
Amber Box Subsidy	Public Distribution System	Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS)
Schemes Relating to PDS	End-to-end Computerization of PDS	IM-PDS for portability of RCs
Strengthening of PDS Operations	Procurement and Distribution	Food Security
Food Processing Industries in India	Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana	Mega Food Parks
Operation Greens	Various Agricultural Initiatives	Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)	National Food Security Mission (NFSM)	National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
National Horticulture Mission (NHM)	Soil Health Card (SHC) scheme	Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana – Raftaar (RKVY-RAFTAAR)	Classification of Crops Based on Cultivation	-

Other Relevant Links
Indian Polity Notes	Indian Economy Notes
Art and Culture Notes	Governance Notes
Ancient India History Notes	Medieval India History Notes
Modern India History Notes	Geography Notes
Science And Technology Notes	Environment And Ecology Notes
Post Independence Notes	Society Notes
Internal Security Notes	Ethics Notes
Disaster Management Notes	World History
International Relations	Social Justice Notes
CSAT Notes	Government Scheme Notes

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