Give the correct order of stages in goal setting theory.
Goal definition → Goal acceptance → Efforts → Performance → Reward → Satisfaction.
Goal-setting theory, developed by Locke and Latham, holds that specific and suitably difficult goals, when accepted and accompanied by feedback, produce higher performance than vague or easy goals. Applying the theory in practice follows a logical sequence of stages.
The process begins by establishing goals that are specific and challenging yet attainable (step a) - clear targets that stretch the person. The next stage is to obtain the employee's commitment to and acceptance of those goals (step b), because a goal only motivates if the individual genuinely buys into it; without acceptance even a well-set goal will not drive effort.
Once goals are set and accepted, the organisation must provide the support elements and resources needed to pursue them (step c) - training, tools, information and a supportive climate - so the person is actually able to perform. Finally, feedback on performance is given (step d), allowing the individual to track progress against the goal and adjust effort or strategy.
So the correct order runs: establish goals, gain commitment, provide support, then give feedback - that is (a), (b), (c), (d).
Hence the correct order is (a), (b), (c), (d).
An individual's involvement in work primarily indicates his/her:
Which one of the following is not a ‘hygiene factor’ of Herzberg's Two Factor theory ?
When an individual is motivated to approach two or more positive but mutually exclusive goals, he is facing which one type of the following conflicts ?
According to Vroom’s theory of motivation, which one of the following is correct ?
A theory of motivation that is concerned with the beneficial effects of intrinsic motivation and the harmful effects of extrinsic motivation, is termed as :
Which of the following is not perceived as the basic element of motivation ?
An individual’s involvement in work primarily indicates his/her :
Statement (I): “Motivation is a continuous, complex and dynamic process”.
Statement (II): “As compared to other industries, extra motivation is required in service sector industries”.
Which among the following is not a hygiene factor ?
Boss offers an employee a promotion which has huge increase in salary along with a new title. It also requires employee to work ten hours more per week along with shifting to a remote place. It is an example of which one of the following?
| List I (Exponent) | List II (Theory) |
| (a) Abraham Maslow | (i) Two-factor Theory |
| (b) Herzberg | (ii) Achievement Theory |
| (c) Aldufer | (iii) Need Hierarchy Theory |
| (d) Mcclelland | (iv) ERG Theory |
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by choosing from the codes given below :
| List – I (Concept) | List – II (Explanation) |
| a. Fixed Action Pattern | i. When two incompatible response tendencies are simultaneously aroused, the organisms may display behaviours that appear to be irrelevant to the situation. |
| b. Displacement Activity | ii. Highly stereotyped responses that are assumed to be genetically programmed reactions that occur in the presence of a particular ‘sign’ stimulus. |
| c. Hedonic Bias | iii. A state in which a person performs an action because the act itself is satisfying or rewarding internally. |
| d. Intrinsic motivation | iv. Tendency to take more credit for success than to take responsibility for failure. |