Match the following: Codes :List - I List - II (a) 
(i) Schmitt trigger circuit (b) 
(ii) Triangular wave generator (c) 
(iii) Subtractor (d) 
(iv) Integrator circuit
(a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
Each circuit is identified by what sits in its feedback path, and by whether that feedback is negative or positive.
(a) Resistor in, capacitor back — the integrator → (iv):
\(V_{o}=-\dfrac{1}{RC}\int V_{in}\,dt\)
(b) The same, but with Rsh across the capacitor — the practical integrator, used here as a triangular wave generator → (ii). Integrating a square wave gives a triangle, since a constant input produces a linear ramp whose slope reverses with the input. The shunt resistor is essential in a real circuit: without it, the op-amp's input offset current would charge the capacitor steadily until the output saturated. Rsh provides a DC feedback path that fixes the operating point, at the cost of making the circuit integrate only above \(f=\dfrac{1}{2\pi R_{sh}C}\).
(c) Feedback to the non-inverting input — the Schmitt trigger → (i). This is positive feedback, so the output cannot rest anywhere but at a saturation rail. The divider sets two trip points:
\(V_{UT},V_{LT}=\pm\dfrac{R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}V_{sat}\)
and the gap between them is the hysteresis that turns a slow or noisy sine wave into a clean square wave with no chatter at the threshold.
(d) Two inputs, four resistors — the subtractor → (iii). With matched ratios,
\(V_{o}=\dfrac{R_{2}}{R_{1}}\left(V_{in2}-V_{in1}\right)\)
The order (iv), (ii), (i), (iii) is option 1.
| Circuit | Feedback element | Feedback sense | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | C | Negative | Integrator |
| (b) | C with shunt R | Negative | Practical integrator / triangle generator |
| (c) | R to + input | Positive | Schmitt trigger |
| (d) | R, both inputs driven | Negative | Subtractor |
The decisive observation is (c)'s feedback terminal. Everything else in the list uses negative feedback and therefore behaves linearly; the moment the feedback resistor returns to the plus input, the circuit becomes a two-state switch. That single wire is what separates an amplifier from a comparator.
The pair (a) and (b) together make the useful point that an integrator and a triangular-wave generator are the same circuit; the difference is only in what drives it and in the DC-stabilising resistor that a real one needs.
Hence, the correct match is (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii).
Similar Questions
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Reason (R) : It consists of one or more differential amplifiers and usually followed by a level translator and push pull stage.
The input to a differentiator is –5 V. Its output will be
Match the following :
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(A) The output voltage of a summing amplifier (inverting configuration) with three inputs VA, VB and VC and input resistors RA, RB and RC is \(V_{o}=\left(1+\dfrac{R_{F}}{R_{A}R_{B}R_{C}}\right)\left[\dfrac{V_{A}}{R_{A}}+\dfrac{V_{B}}{R_{B}}+\dfrac{V_{C}}{R_{C}}\right]\)
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(C) The narrow band pass filter is called a Notch filter
(D) VCO is also called as frequency to voltage
(E) The all pass filter provides unity-gain with predictable phase shifts for different input frequenciesChoose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
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(A) Value of R1
(B) Value of R2
(C) Value of R3Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
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The given operational amplifier circuit corresponds to which electronic circuit application ?
Statements in connection to Op-Amp applications are :
A. If we use a square wave generator followed by integrator circuit we get a triangular wave at the output
B. The logarithmic amplifier called a log-amplifier or a logger, is basically a current to voltage converter.
C.
is a first order high pass filter with voltage followerD. If we use a square wave generator followed by a clipping circuit then we get a saw-tooth wave generator.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Important Questions from Op-Amp and Its Applications
What is the typical value of open-loop voltage gain, AVOL, for a 741 op-amp?
An ideal Op-Amp is an ideal
- In an ideal OP-AMP, which one is correct?
Which of the following statements about the Op-Amp differential amplifiers is INCORRECT?
The total output offset voltage of an operational amplifier is a function of these effects.
