“The process for enabling employees to better understand and develop their career and interests more effectively” is termed as ?
Career Management
Career management — option 2, again Dessler’s wording.
The four terms are easily blurred, and the question turns entirely on who acts and how wide the activity is.
| Term | Who drives it | What it covers |
|---|---|---|
| Career planning | The individual | The deliberate process by which a person becomes aware of his own skills, interests, values and opportunities, sets career goals and plans steps to reach them |
| Career management | The organisation, working with the individual | The whole process of enabling employees to understand and develop their careers and interests more effectively — it contains planning, counselling and development |
| Career development | Both, over time | The lifelong series of activities — assignments, training, moves — that contribute to a person’s career progression |
| Career counselling | A counsellor or manager | One technique within career management: advising an individual on his options |
Why the organisation invests in it. Career management is a retention and capability instrument. It gives the firm a supply of people ready for higher posts, reduces the cost of losing trained staff, and raises engagement; for the employee it converts a job into a path. Where it is absent, capable people leave precisely because they cannot see a future.
The instruments used : career paths and ladders, job posting, mentoring, career workshops, succession planning, dual career ladders that let a specialist advance without becoming a manager, developmental assignments and job rotation, and formal career counselling at appraisal time.
Schein’s career anchors are worth carrying alongside — the self-perceived talents and motives a person will not give up: technical or functional competence, general managerial competence, autonomy and independence, security and stability, entrepreneurial creativity, service or dedication to a cause, pure challenge, and lifestyle. Career management works when the path offered matches the person’s anchor.
The modern qualification. With flatter organisations and fewer promotion rungs, careers are increasingly lateral and self-directed — the “protean” and “boundaryless” career — so the organisation’s role shifts from promising promotion to providing employability.
Hence, the answer is Career Management.
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