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Question

Performance = f (m, a, e). In this expression 'e' stands for:

This question was previously asked in
UGC NET 2014 Paper 1 Question Paper (28-Dec-2014)
The correct answer is

Environment

The expression Performance = f (m, a, e) is the standard performance equation used in human resource management to explain what determines how well an employee performs.

In it, m stands for motivation - the willingness and drive to put in effort; a stands for ability - the knowledge, skills and aptitude the person possesses; and e stands for environment - the external conditions and support surrounding the job. The environment term is often described as the opportunity to perform, and it covers tools and equipment, working conditions, adequate information, supportive supervision and the absence of obstacles.

The point of including the environment is that motivation and ability alone are not enough. An employee who is both willing and able will still perform poorly if resources are lacking or conditions obstruct the work, so all three factors must be present together.

Efficiency and effectiveness are measures of performance rather than determinants of it, and entrepreneurship is unrelated to this equation. Only environment completes the standard trio.

Hence in Performance = f (m, a, e), the term 'e' stands for environment.

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