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Question

The process by which people’s emotions are caused by the emotions of others is called ?

This question was previously asked in
UGC NET 2025 Management Question Paper (07-Jan-2026) (Shift 1)
The correct answer is

Emotion Contagion

 Emotional contagion — option 2. The name is literal: emotions spread from person to person the way an infection does.

How it works. People unconsciously mimic the facial expressions, posture, voice and breathing of those around them, and that mimicry feeds back into their own feelings. A tense manager makes a tense team; one cheerful colleague lifts a whole office. It happens below the level of deliberate thought, which is what separates it from ordinary persuasion or sympathy.

TermMeaning
Emotion regulationManaging one’s own emotions — suppressing, reappraising or modifying what one feels or shows
Emotional contagionCatching the emotions of others; feelings transferred from person to person
Emotional dissonanceThe gap between the emotion actually felt and the emotion the job requires one to display
Emotional labourThe effort of displaying organisationally required emotions — the cabin crew’s smile, the nurse’s calm; a term from Arlie Hochschild

Why the four are so easily confused. All belong to the same field, but they answer different questions: contagion asks where an emotion came from; regulation asks what a person does with it; labour asks what the job demands; and dissonance names the strain when demand and feeling diverge. Emotional labour is performed through surface acting, faking the display, or deep acting, actually summoning the feeling; surface acting produces the most dissonance and the most burnout.

Why it matters to management. Contagion is why the mood of a leader is treated as a management variable rather than a private matter, why service firms train for it, and why a single persistently negative team member can affect a whole group’s performance. It also explains the “emotional tone” a workgroup develops over time.

Hence, the answer is Emotion Contagion.

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