Match the following and indicate the code of correct matching: Codes:List-I List-II a. Classical conditioning i. Response-Stimulus learning b. Operant conditioning ii. Stimulus-Response learning c. Cognitive theory iii. Stimulus-Stimulus learning d. Social learning iv. Modelling process
a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv
Concept: The four learning theories differ in how they connect stimulus and response, and each is matched accordingly.
Classical conditioning (Pavlov) builds an association by pairing a stimulus with a response, so it is stimulus-response learning (a-ii). For example, a bell repeatedly rung before food eventually makes a dog salivate at the bell alone.
Operant conditioning (Skinner) works the other way: a response (behaviour) is strengthened or weakened by the consequence that follows it, so learning runs from response to stimulus/consequence, that is response-stimulus learning (b-i).
Cognitive theory holds that learning occurs by forming mental links between one stimulus and another (understanding relationships), which is stimulus-stimulus learning (c-iii).
Social learning theory (Bandura) explains learning through observing and imitating others, the modelling process (d-iv).
Option check: Only the code a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv keeps modelling with social learning and reverses classical and operant correctly; codes that pair classical conditioning with response-stimulus, or social learning with anything but modelling, break the theory and are eliminated.
Hence the correct match is a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv.
Similar Questions
‘Contact Hypothesis’ is based on the belief that :
The process by which sensory information is actively organised and interpreted by brain, is called :
A relatively stable set of characteristics that influence an individual's behaviour is known as :
The operant conditioning or learning approach to behaviour is based on __________.
The principles by which the process of perceptual organization works was first identified by Max Wertheimer in the year __________.
Assertion (A): Attribution theory is based on relationship between personal perception and interpersonal behaviour.
Reasoning (R): Since most 'whys' are not directly observable, people must depend upon cognitions, particularly perception.
Codes:
Consider the following statements:
(a) The sensation-thinking personalities are very emotional and focussed towards past.
(b) The intuition-thinking personalities are very futuristic, imaginative and creative.
(c) The sensation-feeling personalities are very unkeen observers, non-methodical and problem-creators.
(d) The intuition-feeling personalities are very people-oriented, possessing personal charm and enthusiasm.
In light of Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Personality Test, which of the above statements are true?
An aspect of personality which is responsible for dealing with reality; functions in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind; and where the reality principle weighs the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon an impulse is called:
Match the following:
List - I List - II a. Evaluative statements or judgements concerning objects, people or events i. Attitudes b. The opinion or belief segment of an attitude ii. Cognitive Component c. The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude iii. Affective Component d. An intention to behave in a certain way towards someone or something iv. Behavioural component As per Rokeach value survey, which of the following is not an instrumental value?
Note: This question was dropped by UGC and marks were awarded to all candidates; the answer below is the best-reasoned one.
Important Questions from Personality: Perception; Attitudes; Emotions
- Attitude which is conscious and easy to report is called _________.
- Frend believed that at times Ego is unable to control impulses of ID so uses various defense mechanism such as :
(A) Fixation
(B) Repression
(C) Rationalization
(D) Displacement
(E) Projection
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : Match List - I with List - II.
List - I List - II (A) Perception (I) Vinnana (B) Consciousness (II) Vedana (C) Fellings (III) Sanna (D) Body (IV) Rupa Which one of the following is the description of Ego Regression Mechanism?
‘Contact Hypothesis’ is based on the belief that :
