In 1954, the Indian government established two civilian awards: the three-tier Padma Awards and the Bharat Ratna. The Padma Award is one of the country's most prestigious civilian honours, bestowed to those who excel in their respective fields. The President of India bestows the Padma awards every year on Republic Day at a ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhawan. This article will explain the Padma Awards in detail, which will be helpful for UPSC IAS Exam preparation.

Padma Awards

• These awards were established in 1954 and are given to deserving persons for their outstanding contributions to sports, art, social work, civil service, literature and education, public affairs, science and technology, trade and industry, and other sectors.
• Every year on Republic Day, the honorees' names are released.

The Padma awards are subject to a number of restrictions, including the following:

1. A person who has received a lesser degree of the Padma awards can only be granted a higher degree of honour after five years or more following the last conferment.
2. Awards are rarely granted posthumously, but exceptions might be made if the case is particularly compelling.
3. The achievements of the individual to be chosen should have a component of public service. It should not be based just on exceptional performance in any field, but rather on exceptional performance plus.
4. Government employees, including those employed by Public Sector Undertakings, are not eligible for these rewards, with the exception of physicians and scientists.

According to the Government of India, the awards are of three categories:

Except for three times, the Padma Awards have been awarded every year:

• In 1977
• In 1980
• Between the years of 1993 and 1997

Padma Vibhushan

• It is the Republic of India's second most prestigious civilian award.
• Those who are honoured with the award are presented with a citation certificate and a medal with a lotus flower in the centre and the words "Desh Seva" etched on the obverse.

Padma Bhushan

• It is the government of India's third-highest civilian honour, granted to persons who have contributed to India's international prestige.
• In March or April, the President of India bestows the honour at a lavish ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhawan.

Padma Shri

• It is the Republic of India's fourth highest civilian honour, granted by the government for outstanding contributions to different fields such as arts, literature, sports, politics, industry, medical, social service, and so on.

• The awardee receives a certificate and a medallion with a three-leafed flower on one side and Padma (lotus) and Shri (Mr. or Ms.) inscribed in Devanagiri script on the obverse.

How Padma Awards are awarded?

• The Padma Awards are conferred on the recommendations made by the Padma Awards Committee, which is constituted by the Prime Minister every year.
• The nomination process is open to the public and even self-nomination can be made.
• The Padma Awards Committee is headed by the Cabinet Secretary and includes Home Secretary, Secretary to the President, and four to six eminent persons as members.
• The recommendations of the committee are submitted to the Prime Minister and the President of India for approval.

Conclusion

The Padma recipients are given special consideration when it comes to establishing norms for public occasions. The Padma awards aim to honour achievements in all sectors that entail some form of public service.

FAQs

MCQs

1. Who confers the Padma Awards in India?

A) The President of India
B) The Prime Minister of India
C) The Home Minister
D) The Governor of the state

2. What is the highest of the Padma Awards?

A) Padma Bhushan
B) Padma Vibhushan
C) Padma Shri
D) Bharat Ratna

3. Which of the following fields is eligible for receiving the Padma Awards?

A) Only political service
B) Only contributions to science
C) Only cultural achievements
D) Various fields such as art, education, social work, science, etc.

4. How often are the Padma Awards given?

A) Annually
B) Bi-annually
C) Every five years
D) Once in a decade

5. Who nominates individuals for the Padma Awards?

A) The President of India
B) State Governments
C) The Prime Minister's Office
D) Public sector enterprises

GS Mains Questions and Model Answers

Q1: Discuss the impact of the Padma Awards in recognizing the contributions of individuals in India.

Answer: The Padma Awards play a crucial role in recognizing and honoring the exceptional contributions of individuals across a wide range of fields, from social work and education to arts and sciences. These awards not only celebrate individual achievements but also inspire others to strive for excellence in their respective fields. By acknowledging the work of artists, scientists, social workers, and leaders, the Padma Awards contribute to fostering a culture of meritocracy and encourage further progress in various sectors. Additionally, the international recognition of Padma awardees elevates India’s global image as a country that values creativity, innovation, and public service. The Padma Awards thus act as both a national and international platform for showcasing the diverse talents of Indian citizens.

Q2: Evaluate the role of the Padma Awards in preserving India’s cultural heritage and fostering social change.

Answer: The Padma Awards are instrumental in preserving India’s cultural heritage by recognizing individuals who have contributed to the promotion and preservation of traditional arts, culture, and languages. Through the Padma Awards, the government acknowledges those who have dedicated their lives to cultural expression, ensuring that India's rich traditions remain relevant for future generations. Furthermore, by recognizing individuals working in fields such as social service and public welfare, the Padma Awards play a key role in fostering social change. Awardees often become role models who inspire others to contribute to their communities, thus creating a ripple effect of positive social impact. The Padma Awards also encourage social cohesion by honoring individuals from diverse backgrounds and regions, promoting a sense of unity in India's multicultural society.

Q3: How do the Padma Awards reflect the values and priorities of Indian society?

Answer: The Padma Awards reflect the values and priorities of Indian society by recognizing excellence and contributions to fields that are deeply rooted in the country's cultural, social, and economic life. The focus on areas such as education, social work, arts, and public service highlights the importance of uplifting communities, preserving traditions, and driving progress. Additionally, the Padma Awards reflect India’s commitment to inclusivity, as they honor individuals from all walks of life, regardless of their social or economic status. The awards celebrate the diverse talents and achievements that shape India’s identity and emphasize the value of selfless service, innovation, and excellence in various domains. In this way, the Padma Awards embody the spirit of India’s pluralistic and progressive society.

Previous Year Questions on Padma Awards

1. UPSC CSE Prelims 2020:

Question: Which of the following is a category of the Padma Awards?

A) Padma Vibhushan
B) Padma Bhushan
C) Padma Shri
D) All of the above

Answer: (D)

Explanation: The Padma Awards consist of three categories: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri, each recognizing varying levels of distinguished service.

2. UPSC CSE Mains 2021 (GS Paper 1):

Question: "Discuss the significance of the Padma Awards in promoting national unity and global recognition for India."

Answer: The Padma Awards promote national unity by recognizing the contributions of individuals from diverse backgrounds, ensuring that achievements from all corners of the country are celebrated. By honoring those who have made substantial contributions in various sectors, the Padma Awards serve as a reminder of India’s collective progress. Globally, these awards highlight India’s rich heritage and innovative achievements, helping to elevate the country’s reputation on the international stage. The recognition of these individuals also fosters a sense of pride and inspiration, both in India and abroad, motivating people to contribute positively to society.