'Melanosis coli' (brownish discoloration of colonic mucosa) can occur due to the long-term consumption of which one of the following?
Stimulant laxatives
Melanosis coli is a benign, reversible brownish-black pigmentation of the colonic mucosa caused by apoptotic epithelial cell debris laden with lipofuscin-like pigment, classically resulting from chronic use of anthraquinone-containing stimulant laxatives (e.g., senna, cascara).
With regard to Helicobacter pylori eradication in peptic ulcer disease, consider the following statements:
1. Proton-pump inhibitor is taken with two antibiotics.
2. Treatment is prescribed for at least 7 days.
3. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection leads to vitamin B12 deficiency.
4. Patients requiring long-term NSAIDS should undergo Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to reduce ulcer risk.
Which of the statements given above are correct?