The Code of Conduct for the National Anthem was in the news in recent years. The Supreme Court in 2018 modified its November 30, 2016, interim order and made it optional for cinema halls to play the 52-second national anthem before every show. Here we will discuss the Code of Conduct for the National Anthem which will be helpful in UPSC Civil Service GS II preparation.

Indian National Anthem- An Overview

• Rabindranath Tagore wrote the poem Jana Gana Mana. On January 24, 1950, the Hindi version of Jana Gana Mana was adopted as India's National Anthem.
• On the second day of the Indian National Congress's annual session in Kolkata on December 27, 1911, the poem was first publicly delivered.
• Subhas Chandra Bose chose the song as the national anthem while rallying support for the Indian Independence Movement in Germany.
• Jana Gana Mana was initially performed as the national anthem of an independent India by the Hamburg Radio Symphony Orchestra on September 11, 1942, at the Hotel Atlantic in Hamburg, during the founding meeting of the German-Indian Society.

Code of Conduct for National Anthem

At various times, the Indian National Anthem is sung. From time to time, guidelines have been given regarding the particular forms of the National Anthem, the events at which it is to be sung or performed, and the importance of treating the National Anthem with respect by observing due dignity on such occasions.

The full version of the Anthem shall be played on the following occasions: -

• (i) Civil and Military investitures;
• (ii) When National Salute (which means the Command “Rashtriya Salute – Salami Shastr” to the accompaniment of the National Anthem is given on ceremonial occasions to the President or to the Governor/Lieutenant Governor within their respective States/ Union Territories;
• (iii) During parades – irrespective of whether any of the dignitaries referred to in (ii) above is present or not;
• (iv) On arrival of the President at formal State functions and other functions organized by the Government and mass functions and on his departure from such functions;
• (v) Immediately before and after the President addresses the Nation over All India Radio;
• (vi) On arrival of the Governor/Lieutenant Governor at formal State functions within his State/Union Territory and on his departure from such functions;
• (vii) When the National Flag is brought on parade;
• (viii) When the Regimental Colours are presented;
• (ix) For hoisting of colors in the Navy.

1. When drinking toasts in Messes, the abbreviated version of the Anthem will be played.
2. The Anthem shall be performed on any such occasion for which the Government of India has issued appropriate regulations.
3. Normally the Anthem shall not be played for the Prime Minister, though there may be special occasions when it may be played.
4. Unless there is some other specific indication that the National Anthem is about to be played, the National Anthem will be preceded by a roll of drums to help the audience in knowing that the National Anthem is about to be played.

General Codes

• The audience must stand at attention whenever the Anthem is sung or played. When the Anthem is performed as part of a newsreel or documentary, however, the audience is not required to rise because doing so would disrupt the film's presentation and would add to the chaos and confusion rather than add to the dignity of the Anthem.
• As with the flying of the National Flag, it is up to the people's good judgment to refrain from singing or playing the National Anthem indiscriminately.
• People with cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease, muscular dystrophy, day blindness, hearing loss, autism, locomotive disability (wheelchair-bound), multiple sclerosis, as well as those who have been cured of leprosy and those with intellectual disability (learning disorder), will be allowed to remain seated while singing the National Anthem.

Events Related to Code for National Anthem

• The Maharashtra Assembly approved an order in 2003 requiring that the national anthem be played before a movie begins.
• Three children from Kerala were the most well-known example of someone being punished for not singing the national anthem. In Bijoe Emmanuel vs the State of Kerala, schoolchildren were expelled for not singing the national anthem while remaining standing. "There is no provision of law requiring anyone to sing the National Anthem, nor is it insulting to the National Anthem if a person who stands respectfully when the National Anthem is sung does not join the singing," the Supreme Court said at the time.
• Existing legislation does not punish or compel anyone to stand or sing the national anthem. "Whoever intentionally prevents the singing of the Jana Gana Mana or causes disturbances to any assembly engaged in such singing shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both," according to the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act of 1971.
• In 2018, the Supreme Court changed its November 30, 2016, interim decision, making it optional for movie theatres to play the 52-second national anthem before each show.

Conclusion

India's national symbols express the culture and essence of the country's identity. They instill pride and patriotism in the hearts of all Indians. Even though they were picked up at various times, they united Indian people in many ways.

FAQs

Q1: What is the Code of Conduct for the National Anthem?

Q2: Why is the National Anthem significant?

Q3: What are the key rules for playing the National Anthem?

Q4: Are there legal consequences for disrespecting the National Anthem?

Q5: How should the National Anthem be performed?

MCQs

1. What does the Code of Conduct for the National Anthem primarily address?

a) Composition of the anthem

b) Guidelines for respectful conduct

c) National song vs. national anthem

d) History of the anthem

2. Which of the following actions is discouraged during the National Anthem?

a) Standing in attention

b) Talking or moving

c) Singing along

d) Saluting

3. What law penalizes disrespect towards the National Anthem in India?

a) Indian Penal Code

b) Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971

c) Constitution of India

d) Fundamental Rights Act

4. What is expected of individuals during the National Anthem?

a) To remain seated

b) To stand up in attention

c) To leave the premises

d) To applaud

5. Which of the following is NOT a rule regarding the National Anthem?

a) Singing along is mandatory

b) No alterations to the lyrics

c) Must follow the prescribed tune

d) Must show respect while performed

GS Mains Questions and Model Answers

Q1: Explain the significance of the National Anthem in fostering national unity.

Answer: The National Anthem plays a vital role in fostering national unity by serving as a common symbol that transcends regional, linguistic, and cultural differences. When the anthem is sung or played, it evokes feelings of patriotism and belonging among citizens, reminding them of their shared identity and values. The collective act of standing in attention during its performance reinforces solidarity and pride in the nation. Additionally, the anthem's lyrics often reflect historical struggles and aspirations, further deepening its significance as a unifying force for the country.

Q2: Discuss the legal implications of disrespecting the National Anthem in India.

Answer: In India, disrespecting the National Anthem can have serious legal implications as outlined in the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971. This law prohibits any action that insults the national symbols, including the National Anthem. Violators may face penalties, including fines and imprisonment. The intent of these legal provisions is to uphold the dignity of national symbols and foster respect among citizens. Furthermore, legal repercussions serve as a deterrent against actions that may undermine national pride and integrity, reinforcing the importance of adhering to the prescribed Code of Conduct during the anthem's performance.

Q3: Analyze the impact of the Code of Conduct for the National Anthem on public behavior.

Answer: The Code of Conduct for the National Anthem significantly impacts public behavior by establishing clear guidelines on how individuals should conduct themselves during its performance. By encouraging respectful conduct, such as standing in attention and refraining from talking or moving, the Code instills a sense of decorum and reverence associated with national symbols. This regulation not only promotes unity and patriotism but also fosters a culture of respect for national values. Over time, adherence to these guidelines can strengthen societal norms regarding respect for national symbols, contributing to a more conscientious and patriotic citizenry.

Previous Year Questions on  Code of conduct for National Anthem

1. UPSC CSE Prelims 2020

Question: Which act governs the disrespect towards the National Anthem in India?

Answer: The act that governs disrespect towards the National Anthem is the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971. This act provides legal framework and penalties for acts that insult the National Anthem, thereby promoting respect for national symbols.

2. UPSC CSE Mains 2019

Question: Critically evaluate the role of the National Anthem in Indian society.

Answer: The National Anthem serves as a powerful emblem of national identity and pride in Indian society. It encapsulates the spirit of unity in diversity, inspiring citizens to uphold values of democracy and equality. The anthem fosters a collective national consciousness, especially during patriotic events and ceremonies. However, while it is intended to unite, instances of misuse or disrespect can lead to societal divisions. The legal framework surrounding the anthem highlights its significance; yet, genuine respect must come from within rather than merely adhering to laws. Overall, the National Anthem plays a pivotal role in shaping national sentiment and unity.