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Question

In a certain code language, 'ANNUAL' is written as 'CPRYGR' and ‘AMOUNT’ is written as ‘COSYTZ’. How will 'AGENDA' be written in that language?

This question was previously asked in
SSC CGL 2022 Tier-II (Paper 2 JSO) Previous Year Paper (04-Mar-2023)
The correct answer is

CIIRJG

Decoding the Code Language Pattern

This question involves identifying a coding pattern based on the given examples and applying it to a new word. We are given how 'ANNUAL' is coded as 'CPRYGR' and 'AMOUNT' is coded as 'COSYTZ'. Let's analyze the relationship between the letters in the original words and their coded versions.

Analyzing the Coding Pattern: ANNUAL to CPRYGR

Let's look at the position shift for each letter in 'ANNUAL' to get 'CPRYGR':

  • A (1st letter) to C: This is a shift of $2$ positions forward in the alphabet (A + 2 = C).
  • N (2nd letter) to P: This is a shift of $2$ positions forward in the alphabet (N + 2 = P).
  • N (3rd letter) to R: This is a shift of $4$ positions forward in the alphabet (N + 4 = R).
  • U (4th letter) to Y: This is a shift of $4$ positions forward in the alphabet (U + 4 = Y).
  • A (5th letter) to G: This is a shift of $6$ positions forward in the alphabet (A + 6 = G).
  • L (6th letter) to R: This is a shift of $6$ positions forward in the alphabet (L + 6 = R).

It appears the shift value increases by $2$ for every pair of letters. The first two letters have a +2 shift, the next two have a +4 shift, and the final two have a +6 shift.

Verifying the Pattern: AMOUNT to COSYTZ

Let's check if the same pattern holds for 'AMOUNT' being coded as 'COSYTZ':

  • A (1st letter) to C: Shift of $2$ positions (A + 2 = C).
  • M (2nd letter) to O: Shift of $2$ positions (M + 2 = O).
  • O (3rd letter) to S: Shift of $4$ positions (O + 4 = S).
  • U (4th letter) to Y: Shift of $4$ positions (U + 4 = Y).
  • N (5th letter) to T: Shift of $6$ positions (N + 6 = T).
  • T (6th letter) to Z: Shift of $6$ positions (T + 6 = Z).

The pattern is consistent. The first two letters have a +2 shift, the next two have a +4 shift, and the last two have a +6 shift.

Applying the Pattern to AGENDA

Now, we apply this discovered coding pattern to the word 'AGENDA'. The word 'AGENDA' also has six letters.

  • A (1st letter): Apply a shift of +2. A + 2 = C.
  • G (2nd letter): Apply a shift of +2. G + 2 = I.
  • E (3rd letter): Apply a shift of +4. E + 4 = I.
  • N (4th letter): Apply a shift of +4. N + 4 = R.
  • D (5th letter): Apply a shift of +6. D + 6 = J.
  • A (6th letter): Apply a shift of +6. A + 6 = G.

Combining the shifted letters, we get 'CIIRJG'.

Summary of Coding for AGENDA

Original Letter Position Pair Shift Value Coded Letter
A 1st (Pair 1) +2 C
G 2nd (Pair 1) +2 I
E 3rd (Pair 2) +4 I
N 4th (Pair 2) +4 R
D 5th (Pair 3) +6 J
A 6th (Pair 3) +6 G

Therefore, 'AGENDA' will be written as 'CIIRJG' in this code language.

Revision Table: Code Language Example

Original Word Coded Word Coding Logic
ANNUAL CPRYGR Letters 1&2: +2 shift; Letters 3&4: +4 shift; Letters 5&6: +6 shift
AMOUNT COSYTZ Letters 1&2: +2 shift; Letters 3&4: +4 shift; Letters 5&6: +6 shift
AGENDA CIIRJG Letters 1&2: +2 shift; Letters 3&4: +4 shift; Letters 5&6: +6 shift

Additional Information: Letter Coding Techniques

Letter coding is a common type of question in competitive exams that tests your ability to find patterns in how letters are transformed into others. Some common techniques include:

  • Alphabet Position Shift: Shifting letters a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet (like A+1=B, A+2=C, etc.).
  • Vowel/Consonant Based Coding: Different rules might apply to vowels and consonants.
  • Reverse Alphabetical Order: Coding letters by their position from the end of the alphabet (Z=1, Y=2, etc.).
  • Skipping Letters: The pattern might involve skipping a varying number of letters.
  • Mixing Patterns: A code might combine several techniques, perhaps applying different rules to different parts of the word or different letter types.

Solving these questions requires careful observation, comparing the original and coded words, and testing potential patterns systematically.

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Important Questions from Coding and Decoding By Letter Shifting

  1. In a certain code language, BEAT is written as YVZG. What will be the code of MILD?
  2. If BE QUICK is coded as ZC OSGAI, then the code of the last letter of the third word in the sentence I LOVE MY COUNTRY is
  3. In a certain code language, THANKS is written as SKNTHA. How is STUPID written in that code language?
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