Understanding the Coding Decoding Logic

This question involves a common type of verbal reasoning problem known as coding-decoding, specifically letter coding. We are given two pairs of words and their corresponding codes and need to determine the rule or pattern applied to transform the original word into the code word. Once the pattern is identified, we apply it to the third word, 'PURPLE', to find its code.

Analyzing the Given Examples

Let's look at the first example:

Original Word: COLOUR

Code Word: FQOQXT

Now, let's examine the transformation of each letter based on its position in the alphabet (A=1, B=2, ... Z=26):

• C (3) → F (6): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($6 - 3 = 3$).
• O (15) → Q (17): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($17 - 15 = 2$).
• L (12) → O (15): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($15 - 12 = 3$).
• O (15) → Q (17): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($17 - 15 = 2$).
• U (21) → X (24): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($24 - 21 = 3$).
• R (18) → T (20): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($20 - 18 = 2$).

The pattern observed for 'COLOUR' seems to be a sequence of adding $+3$ and then $+2$ to the alphabetical position of consecutive letters.

Let's verify this pattern with the second example:

Original Word: VIOLET

Code Word: YKRNHV

Applying the same logic:

• V (22) → Y (25): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($25 - 22 = 3$).
• I (9) → K (11): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($11 - 9 = 2$).
• O (15) → R (18): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($18 - 15 = 3$).
• L (12) → N (14): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($14 - 12 = 2$).
• E (5) → H (8): This is a jump of $+3$ positions ($8 - 5 = 3$).
• T (20) → V (22): This is a jump of $+2$ positions ($22 - 20 = 2$).

The pattern $+3, +2, +3, +2, +3, +2$ is consistently applied in both given examples.

Applying the Pattern to 'PURPLE'

Now, we apply the identified pattern ($+3, +2, +3, +2, +3, +2$) to the word 'PURPLE'.

Let's apply the rule to each letter of 'PURPLE':

• P (16) → $+3$: $16 + 3 = 19$. The 19th letter is S.
• U (21) → $+2$: $21 + 2 = 23$. The 23rd letter is W.
• R (18) → $+3$: $18 + 3 = 21$. The 21st letter is U.
• P (16) → $+2$: $16 + 2 = 18$. The 18th letter is R.
• L (12) → $+3$: $12 + 3 = 15$. The 15th letter is O.
• E (5) → $+2$: $5 + 2 = 7$. The 7th letter is G.

Combining the resulting letters, we get 'SWUROG'.

Comparing with Options

Let's check which option matches our derived code 'SWUROG'.

• Option 1: SXUSOG
• Option 2: RWUSPH
• Option 3: SWUROG
• Option 4: RXWSOH

Our calculated code 'SWUROG' matches Option 3.

Conclusion

The code for 'PURPLE' in this language is 'SWUROG', based on the $+3, +2$ sequential pattern observed in the given examples.

Revision Table: Coding Pattern Summary

Additional Information: Types of Coding Decoding

Coding-decoding questions test your ability to decipher a hidden pattern or rule in transforming a message (word, number, or sequence) into another. Common types include:

• Letter Coding: Letters are coded using other letters, numbers, or symbols based on specific rules (like position shifts, skipping letters, or reversing the order). This question is an example of letter coding based on position shifts.
• Number/Symbol Coding: Words or letters are coded using numbers or symbols.
• Mixed Coding: Sentences or phrases are given, and codes are provided for the individual words within them. You need to identify the code for specific words by comparison.
• Coding based on Analogies: A pair of words is given showing a relationship, and you need to find a word that has a similar relationship with another given word, often involving coding.

Solving these questions requires careful observation, pattern recognition, and systematic application of the identified rule.