Discuss in brief the mechanism of action and the therapeutic uses of Exenatide.
Mechanism of Action of Exenatide:
Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics incretin action. It enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, reducing hypoglycemia risk. It also suppresses excessive glucagon from alpha cells, slows gastric emptying, promotes satiety, and may stimulate beta-cell proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis.
Therapeutic Uses:
Used as an adjunct to diet and exercise in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, exenatide improves glycemic control, lowers HbA1c, reduces postprandial glucose levels, and often promotes weight loss. It is administered via subcutaneous injection and is particularly useful in patients who require both glucose lowering and weight management.
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