Which of the following drugs have been used as part of mass drug administration (MDA) for elimination of lymphatic filariasis in some or more districts of India? 1. Albendazole 2. Diethylcarbamazine 3. Ivermectin 4. Metronidazole Select the correct answer using the code given below.
1, 2 and 3
The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3, that is Albendazole, Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and Ivermectin. Under the National Programme for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (now under NCVBDC), India conducts annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA) in endemic districts. The conventional regimen is DEC plus Albendazole once a year to the whole eligible population, excluding children under 2 years, pregnant women and the seriously ill. Since 2018, IDA or triple-drug therapy (Ivermectin + DEC + Albendazole) has been rolled out in selected districts, following WHO advice that IDA clears microfilaraemia far more effectively and shortens the number of MDA rounds needed to interrupt transmission.
Metronidazole (statement 4) is wrong; it is a nitroimidazole for anaerobic bacteria and protozoa such as amoebiasis, giardiasis and trichomoniasis, with no role in filariasis, so both '1 and 4 only' and '1, 2 and 4' fail. '2 and 3 only' is incomplete because it omits Albendazole, a component of both the two-drug and three-drug Indian regimens.
Key point: MDA equals DEC + Albendazole nationally, upgraded to IDA in selected districts. Doxycycline has an antiwolbachial role in individual treatment; Metronidazole is never used.
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