'Inoculation rate', an important vector index for malaria survey, is correctly defined as
man-biting rate multiplied by infective sporozoite rate
The inoculation rate (Entomological Inoculation Rate, EIR) is the number of infective mosquito bites one person receives per unit time. Since only a fraction of biting mosquitoes carry sporozoites, it combines two indices: EIR = man-biting rate x sporozoite rate. If a person gets 10 anopheline bites a night and 2 percent are sporozoite-positive, EIR = 10 x 0.02 = 0.2 infective bites per person per night. It is the best entomological measure of malaria transmission intensity and of the impact of IRS and LLINs.
Average anopheline bites per day per person is the man-biting rate, only one component. Percentage of females with salivary-gland sporozoites is the sporozoite rate, the other component. Proportion of freshly fed females containing human blood is the human blood index, which measures anthropophily, not transmission.
Key point: Inoculation rate = man-biting rate x sporozoite rate; distinguish it from human blood index and man-hour density.
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