Which of the following are the goals of higher education in India? (a) Access (b) Equity (c) Quality and Excellence (d) Relevance (e) Value based education (f) Compulsory and free education Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e)
To determine the goals of higher education in India as presented in the question, we need to analyze each option provided:
- (a) Access: Access means ensuring that all sections of the society have the opportunity to enter the higher education system. It is one of the primary goals of higher education to ensure inclusive participation. Therefore, Access is definitely a goal of higher education.
- (b) Equity: Equity involves fairness in providing education opportunities regardless of gender, socioeconomic status, region, or any other factor. Ensuring equity is crucial to meaningful higher education reform and development in India.
- (c) Quality and Excellence: This refers to ensuring that higher education not only provides education but does so at a level that encourages high standards, innovation, and the promotion of advanced knowledge. Hence, Quality and Excellence is an undeniable goal.
- (d) Relevance: Higher education must be relevant to the needs of society and the individual. This means the education and skills imparted must align well with the demands of the job market and socio-economic needs of the country.
- (e) Value-based Education: This implies highlighting ethical and moral values in the curriculum so that students become responsible citizens. Thus, it is a significant goal of the higher education system.
- (f) Compulsory and Free Education: This option typically applies to primary and secondary (school) education, not higher education. Therefore, this is not usually a goal of higher education but rather of the basic education system.
Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is: (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e).
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