A university teacher plans to study the effect of level of aspiration of students in terms of their socio-economic background on their scholastic performance at the term end evaluation conducted by an external testing agency. What is the dependent variable in this study?
Scholastic performance of students
In an experimental study the dependent variable is the outcome that is measured and is expected to change as a result of the other factors. Here the teacher studies the effect of level of aspiration (in terms of socio-economic background) on students' scholastic performance. The outcome being measured is the scholastic performance at the term-end evaluation.
Hence Scholastic performance of students is the dependent variable and is correct.
Level of aspiration of students and socio-economic background of students are the factors whose effect is being studied; they are independent (or explanatory) variables, not the measured outcome. Term-end evaluation is merely the occasion or instrument through which performance is recorded, not the variable of interest. Only scholastic performance depends on the other factors, so it is the dependent variable.
Correct answer: Scholastic performance of students
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A variable that is manipulated is known as:
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