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Question

How would you appropriate to characterise G. S. Ghurye as a practitioner of 'theoretical pluralism'?

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2025 (Prelims) CSAT Official Paper (25-May-2025)

G.S. Ghurye can certainly be characterized as a practitioner of 'theoretical pluralism' because his sociological work didn't rigidly adhere to a single theoretical framework. Instead, he drew eclectically from various approaches to understand Indian society. He utilized indological methods, studying ancient Sanskrit texts to grasp the historical and textual roots of institutions like caste. Simultaneously, he incorporated anthropological field studies, observing contemporary social realities and practices. He also engaged with historical perspectives, tracing the evolution of social structures, and even employed comparative sociology to contrast Indian phenomena with those in other cultures. This ability to synthesize insights from different theoretical lenses – history, anthropology, indology, and even a nascent functionalism – to build a comprehensive understanding of Indian society exemplifies his theoretical pluralism.

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