Discuss about emerging zoonotic diseases, their prevalence and effects on animal and human population.
Emerging zoonotic diseases are infections newly appearing in populations or expanding in incidence or range. Their rise is driven by human population growth, habitat encroachment, climate change, global travel, trade, and intensive livestock farming.
Effects on Animals: These diseases cause high morbidity and mortality in livestock and wildlife, leading to economic losses from reduced productivity, mass culling, and trade bans. They can also disturb ecosystems by altering wildlife dynamics. Examples include Avian Influenza (H5N1, H7N9), African Swine Fever, and Rift Valley Fever.
Effects on Humans: Impacts range from localized outbreaks to pandemics, causing illness, deaths, food insecurity, and economic disruption. They strain healthcare systems and affect livelihoods. Major examples include COVID-19 (probable zoonotic origin), Ebola, SARS, MERS, and Nipah virus, all of which highlight severe public health and societal consequences.
Adopting the One Health approach is essential, emphasizing the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health in combating these threats.
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Sakshi Negi
Sakshi Negi is a Delhi-based journalist and content specialist with expertise in educational content and digital media, focusing particularly on government exam preparation and career guidance. With a degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from NRAI School of Mass Communication and her background as a Kendriya Vidyalaya alumna, she brings unique insights into the Indian education system and government sector opportunities.
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