Consider the following statements with respect to the adolescent population (age group of 10 to 19 years) of India, according to the 2011 Census : 1. Adolescent population comprises half the population of the country. 2. The group is regarded as youthful population with high potential. 3. In this group there are greater number of females than males. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
2 only
This question asks us to evaluate statements regarding the adolescent population in India, specifically the age group from 10 to 19 years, based on the data from the 2011 Census. Let's examine each statement carefully.
According to the 2011 Census, India's total population was about 1.21 billion. The adolescent population (10-19 years) was roughly 243 million. To calculate the proportion:
\(\text{Proportion} = \frac{\text{Adolescent Population}}{\text{Total Population}}\)
\(\text{Proportion} \approx \frac{243 \text{ million}}{1210 \text{ million}}\)
\(\text{Proportion} \approx 0.2008\)
This means the adolescent population was approximately 20.08% of the total population in 2011. Half the population would be 50%. Clearly, 20.08% is significantly less than 50%. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
The age group 10-19 falls within the broader definition of youth and young population. This segment represents the future workforce and potential contributors to economic growth and societal development. Countries with a large proportion of young people are often said to have a demographic dividend potential, provided there are investments in their education, health, and skills. Thus, the adolescent population is widely recognized as a youthful population with high potential for the country's future. This statement is correct.
India's sex ratio (the number of females per 1000 males) has historically been skewed towards males in most age groups. While the child sex ratio (0-6 years) was a major concern in the 2011 Census, the overall sex ratio for the total population was 940 females per 1000 males, indicating fewer females than males. For the 10-19 age group in 2011, the sex ratio was also less than 1000. Specifically, the sex ratio for the 10-14 age group was 904, and for the 15-19 age group was 924. Both numbers are below 1000, indicating a greater number of males than females in these age categories that make up the adolescent population (10-19 years). Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
| Statement | Description | Correct/Incorrect (2011 Census) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adolescent population comprises half the population. | Incorrect (approx. 20.08%) |
| 2 | Regarded as youthful population with high potential. | Correct |
| 3 | Greater number of females than males. | Incorrect (greater number of males) |
Based on the analysis of the 2011 Census data, only statement 2 is correct.
Understanding the characteristics of different age groups is crucial for national planning and development. The 2011 Census provides valuable data on India's demographic structure. The large proportion of young people, including the adolescent group (10-19 years) and young adults, presents both opportunities and challenges.
Analyzing census data helps policymakers understand population dynamics and formulate effective strategies for social and economic progress.
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