Artifacts that arise and affect the internal validity in research are: (a) History (b) Randomisation (c) Maturity (d) Instrumentation (e) Experimental mortality (f) Matching
(a), (c), (d) and (e)
To solve this question, we need to identify which factors from the list of options are artifacts that can affect the internal validity of research. Internal validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be attributed to the effects of the independent variable rather than other potential factors. Let's examine each option:
- History: This is an artifact that can affect internal validity. It refers to events that occur between the pre-test and post-test measurement that are not related to the experimental manipulation and can affect the dependent variable.
- Randomisation: This is a method used to enhance the internal validity of an experiment by reducing the selection bias, but it itself is not an artifact.
- Maturity: This refers to processes within the participants operating as a function of time (such as growing older or more experienced) rather than due to the independent variable. Thus, it can affect internal validity.
- Instrumentation: Changes in measurement tools or techniques that produce changes in the outcomes are considered artifacts that can affect internal validity.
- Experimental mortality: Also known as attrition, this occurs when participants drop out of the study, which can affect the outcomes and thus impact internal validity.
- Matching: Similar to randomisation, matching is used to control for variables outside of the experiment, ensuring comparable groups. It is not an artifact.
According to the analysis above, the factors that are artifacts affecting internal validity are:
- History
- Maturity
- Instrumentation
- Experimental Mortality
Therefore, the correct answer comprises options (a), (c), (d), and (e), which matches the second choice given among the options.
Similar Questions
Match List I with List II
LIST I (Type of Evaluation) LIST II (Main Issue for Evaluation) A. Program/Intervention planning Evaluation I. Effectiveness of a program / Intervention B. Process/ monitoring Evaluation II. Need for a program/ Intervention C. Impact/Outcome Evaluation III. Efficiency of the service delivery D. Cost-effective Evaluation IV. Cost of delivering the service Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Quasi-experiments are usually conducted in
When results obtained in a research study can be extended to a group larger than the sample (outside the context of the study) it is called
The research design is specifically related to which of the following features in research?
(i) Sample Selection
(ii) Formulation of a plan
(iii) Deciding about the tool for data collection
(iv) Hypothesis making
(v) Choice of a field of inquiry
Select your answer from the options given below:Match the type of validity with its major source of problem:
LIST 1 (Validity Type) LIST 2 (Description/Threat) (a) Construct validity (i) Faulty or poor measure, resulting in mislabeling/ misinterpreting behaviour (b) External Validity (iii) Sample of participants was not representative (c) Internal Validity (ii) Treatment and no-treatment groups were unequal before the study began One way to measure the extent to which a measure is free of random error is to compute its:
To reduce random error ? Which method is appropriate
The components of a research design are:
(a) Comparison
(b) Control
(c) Reactivity
(d) Manipulation
(e) Non-representativeness
(f) Generalisation
What is a Research Design?
Important Questions from Research Design
Design used in experimental research in which groups are randomly formed and that controls most sources of invalidity is known as
‘Which of the following are the complete experimental research designs?
(A) Factorial design
(B) One group after-only design
(C) Before-after design with one experiment and two control groups
(D) Latin square design
(E) One-group before-after design
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- Identify the stages which may form part of a Research Proposal outline.
A. Data Fabrication
B. Methodology
C. Review of related literature or earlier studies
D. Specifying objectives
E. Stating Problem
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: Given below are two statements
Statement I An explanatory correlational design explains the degree of association among two or more. variables
Statement II In prediction correlational design, the investigator identifies variables that will positively predict an out come
Choose the correct answer.- Select the option based on the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) :
Assertion (A): Extraneous Variables can influence the results of a research study.
Reason (R): Extraneous variables are not controlled by the researcher.
