Hindi Sahitya Mein Mahila Lekhakon Ki Upasthiti Ka Vishleshan

Yah prashn Hindi sahitya mein mahila rachnakaron ki upasthiti aur unki sankhya mein kami ke karnon se sambandhit gadyansh par aadharit hai. Gadyansh mein yeh bataya gaya hai ki desh-videsh mein chal rahe strivadi aandolanon ke samay mein hi Hindi sahitya mein bhi mahilaon ne apni pehchan banayi hai.

Gadyansh mein likha hai ki mahila rachnakar lagbhag har yug mein mili hain, lekin unki sankhya bahut kam rahi hai. Iske peeche mukhya karan hamari samaj-vyavastha, us samay ki soch aur ek anya karkh (blank 2) raha hai. Iske baad, gadyansh mein samakaleen samaj ki samasyaon ke beech Mahadevi Verma jaise lekhan ko Hindi sahitya ki amulya sampatti bataya gaya hai, aur Madhyakaleen samay mein Mira jaise kavayitri ka zikr kiya gaya hai.

Rikt Sthan 2 Ke Liye Upayukt Shabd Ka Chayan

Gadyansh ke anusar, mahilaon ki sahitya lekhan mein kam sankhya ke liye samaj-vyavastha aur soch ke saath-saath ek aur karan zimmedaar hai. Humein blank (2) ke liye aisa shabd chunna hai jo is paristhiti ko darshata ho.

Vakya hai: "Iske mool mein hamari samaj-vyavastha, uski soch ya _________(2) hi rahi hai."

Ab hum diye gaye vikalpon ka vishleshan karte hain:

• 1. वैयक्तिकता (Vyaktiyata - Individuality): Yeh shabd kisi vyakti ke apne gunon ya vicharon ko darshata hai. Yeh samajik ya aarthik karkon se seedhe taur par sambandhit nahi hai jo mahilaon ko likhne se rok sakte hain.
• 2. मानसिकता (Manasikta - Mentality/Mindset): Yeh shabd samne wale ke vichar karne ke tarike, unke darshan ya socho ko vyakt karta hai. Samajik soch aur vyavastha ke saath, ek sampradaayik ya saamaajik 'manasikta' bhi mahilaon ki sahityik pragati mein badha ban sakti hai. Yeh gadyansh ke sandarbh mein bilkul sahi baithta hai, kyunki yeh samajik soch ko aur spasht karta hai.
• 3. व्यावहारिकता (Vyavaharikta - Practicality): Yeh shabd kisi paristhiti ke vyavaharik pahluon ya uski sachchai se sambandhit hai. Yeh mahilaon ki kam upasthiti ka karan nahi ho sakta.
• 4. सामाजिकता (Samajikta - Sociability): Yeh shabd samaj mein milne-julne ya vyavaharikta se sambandhit hai. Yeh bhi mahilaon ke sahitya mein kam hone ka mool karan nahi ho sakta.

Gadyansh mein 'samaj-vyavastha' aur 'soch' ka ullekh hai. Ismein 'manasikta' shabd jodna is baat par zor deta hai ki samaj ka woh darshan ya soch jo mahilaon ko anumati nahi deta tha, wahi ek mukhya karan tha. Is prakar, 'मानसिकता' is blank ke liye sabse upayukt shabd hai.

Ant mein, Hindi sahitya jagat aur itihas mein purushvaadi __________ (5) ke karan Mira, Mahadevi aur anya mahila rachnakaron ko unka poora samman nahi mil saka, jo is baat ko aur pusht karta hai ki samajik aur mansik kaaranon ne mahilaon ke yogdan ko kam aanka.