What is the significance of the ‘‘quantum Hall effect’’ observed in graphene ?
It demonstrates the unique behavior of charge carriers in graphene
It demonstrates the unique behavior of charge carriers in graphene option is correct.
The quantum Hall effect appears when a two-dimensional electron gas is placed in a strong perpendicular magnetic field: the transverse Hall conductivity quantises in units of \(e^2/h\). In conventional 2D semiconductors these plateaus occur at integer filling factors \(\nu = 1, 2, 3, \dots\).
In graphene the low-energy carriers behave as massless Dirac fermions with linear dispersion \(E = \hbar v_F |k|\). Their Landau-level spectrum is \(E_N = \pm v_F\sqrt{2e\hbar B N}\) and includes a zero-energy level shared between electrons and holes, so the Hall conductivity is quantised at the half-integer values \(\sigma_{xy}=\pm 4\left(N+\tfrac{1}{2}\right)e^2/h\). This anomalous half-integer QHE has been observed even at room temperature.
The effect therefore directly confirms the Dirac-like, chiral behaviour of graphene’s charge carriers rather than any bandgap, thermal-conductivity signature, or unrelated property.
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Important Questions from Mixed Topic (MH-SET)
.................... is a client server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
Every OS has a ................ or .......... which primarily resides in the main memory of the computer to perform some of the basic functions of the OS.
(i) Kernel
(ii) Interface
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Compiler
Codes:
Which of the following are referred to as low level language?
(i) Machine language
(ii) Assembly language
(iii) High level language
(iv) Natural language
Codes:
Match the following:
List I List II (a) New York Public Library (i) Shelv AR (b) Miami University Augmented Research Group (ii) Smart library (c) Oula University Library (iii) Wolf Walk (d) North Carolina State University (iv) Find the future Codes:
Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data?
