Three statements are given, followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: All c are f. No f is t. All p are c. Conclusions: I. Some t are c. II. No p is t.
Only conclusion II follows.
Solving Syllogism Problems: Statements and Conclusions
This problem requires us to analyze given statements and determine which of the conclusions logically follow. We will use a systematic approach, often involving Venn diagrams, to visualize the relationships described in the statements.
Understanding the Syllogism Statements
We are given three statements:
- Statement 1: All c are f.
- Statement 2: No f is t.
- Statement 3: All p are c.
Analyzing the Conclusions
We need to check if the following conclusions logically follow from the statements:
- Conclusion I: Some t are c.
- Conclusion II: No p is t.
Step-by-Step Logic and Venn Diagram Analysis
Let's combine the information from the statements. We can represent these relationships using circles in a Venn diagram:
- Statement 1: All c are f. This means the circle representing 'c' is entirely inside the circle representing 'f'.
- Statement 3: All p are c. This means the circle representing 'p' is entirely inside the circle representing 'c'. Since 'c' is inside 'f', this also implies that the circle representing 'p' is inside the circle representing 'f'.
- Statement 2: No f is t. This means the circle representing 'f' and the circle representing 't' have no overlap. They are entirely separate.
Combining these points, we see that the circle for 'p' is inside 'c', the circle for 'c' is inside 'f', and the circle for 'f' is separate from 't'. Therefore, the circles for 'p', 'c', and 'f' are all separate from the circle for 't'.
Evaluating Each Conclusion
Now, let's check each conclusion based on this combined understanding:
- Conclusion I: Some t are c.
Our analysis showed that the set 'c' is entirely separate from the set 't'. If two sets are entirely separate, there is no overlap, meaning 'No c is t'. Consequently, 'Some t are c' (which implies there is an overlap between 't' and 'c') cannot be true.
Therefore, Conclusion I does not follow.
- Conclusion II: No p is t.
Our analysis showed that 'p' is inside 'c', 'c' is inside 'f', and 'f' is separate from 't'. If 'p' is inside 'f', and 'f' has nothing in common with 't', then 'p' can also have nothing in common with 't'. This means 'No p is t'.
Therefore, Conclusion II logically follows from the statements.
Conclusion Summary
Based on the analysis, only Conclusion II follows from the given statements.
Revision Table: Syllogism Rules Quick Check
| Statement Type | Example | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| All A are B (A) | All dogs are mammals. | A is a subset of B. |
| No A is B (E) | No cat is a dog. | A and B are disjoint sets. |
| Some A are B (I) | Some students are tall. | A and B have at least one element in common. |
| Some A are not B (O) | Some birds are not black. | A has at least one element not in B. |
Additional Information: Deductive Reasoning in Syllogisms
Syllogisms are a form of deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning moves from general statements (premises) to a specific conclusion. If the premises are true, and the logic is valid, the conclusion must be true. In this problem, the statements are the premises. We assume they are true and use logical rules or visualizations like Venn diagrams to deduce which conclusions are necessarily true based on those premises.
Understanding how different types of statements (All, No, Some) interact is crucial for solving syllogism problems accurately.
Similar Questions
Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All pencils are colours.
All colours are paints.
Some paints are drawings.
Conclusions:
I. Some pencils are drawings.
II. Some paints are colours.
III. Some colours are pencils
Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some teachers are scientists.
All scientists are doctors.
All doctors are engineers.
Conclusions:
I. Some doctors are teachers.
II. Some engineers are teachers.
III. Some doctors are scientists.
Three Statements are given followed by Three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All plates are bowls.
No bowl is a glass.
Some glasses are vessels.
Conclusions:
I. Some glasses are plates.
II. Some bowls are plates.
III. Some vessels are bowls.
Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, Il and lII. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All fruits are wines.
Some wines are juices.
All juices are alcohols.
Conclusions:
I. Some alcohols are juices.
Il. Some wines are alcohols.
III. Some wines are fruits.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All rugs are blankets.
2. All blankets are pillows.
3. Some blankets are frames.
Conclusions:
I. All pillows are rugs.
II. Some pillows are rugs.
III. All rugs are frames
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All polygons are angles.
All angles are diagonals.
All cones are cubes.
All cubes are decagons.
No diagonal is a cube.
Conclusions:
I. Some diagonals are polygons.
II. All diagonals are decagons.
III. No polygon is a cone.
IV. Some cubes are angles.
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. All T are G.
II. All G are H.
Conclusions:
I. All T are H.
II. No G is T.
III. All H are G.
Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All reds are pinks.
All whites are pinks.
All pinks are oranges.
Conclusions:
I. All whites are oranges.
II. All oranges are reds.
III. Some oranges are whites.
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. All R are M.
II. All L are M.
Conclusions:
I. Some M are not R.
II. Some L are R.
III. Some M are L.
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. All M are A.
II. No A is R.
Conclusion:
I. No M is R.
II. Some A are M.
III. Some R are A.
Important Questions from Conventional Syllogism
In this question, three statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II have been given. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements: Some flats are apartments.
No apartment is a hall.
Some halls are rooms.
Conclusions: I. At least some rooms are flats.
II. No apartment is a room.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. Some blue are red.
II. Some green are red.
Conclusions:
I. No blue is green.
II. No red is green.
Given below are two statements, Consider these statements to be true even if they seem factuality absurd, Read the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statements?
Statements :
1. All vases are flowers.
2. No flowers is a plant.
Conclusions :
1. No vases is a plant.
2. Some plant are vases
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. All A are S.
II. No D is A.
Conclusions:
I. Some S are A.
II. All S are D.
III. No A is D.
In the following question below are given some statements followed by some conclusions based on those statements. Taking the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows the given statements.
Statements:
I. Some land are hard.
II. No stone is land.
Conclusions:
I. Some hard are land.
II. Some stone are hard.
