The major product of the following reaction is :
This question is built on drawn structures, so the options cannot be reproduced as text. The chemistry it tests is set out below.
H2 over Pd/C is catalytic hydrogenation, and the question is which bond in a polyfunctional substrate it attacks. Palladium on carbon has a well-defined order of reactivity, and knowing it settles the answer.
Pd/C readily reduces alkenes and alkynes, reduces nitro groups to amines, and carries out hydrogenolysis — cleavage of a single bond by hydrogen — at benzylic and allylic positions and of N-O bonds. It does not, under ordinary conditions, touch isolated ketones, esters, amides, carboxylic acids or aromatic rings.
Hydrogenolysis is the decisive behaviour here. Where a nitrogen-oxygen bond is present, as in an N-oxide, an oxaziridine or an isoxazoline, Pd/C cleaves it cleanly to unmask a free amine. This is the same reactivity that makes Cbz such a convenient protecting group: hydrogenolysis of its benzylic C-O bond releases the amine and gives only toluene and CO2 as by-products.
The appearance of an NH2 group in the correct option is therefore the diagnostic feature — the ring nitrogen-oxygen linkage has been cleaved reductively, opening the bicyclic system and liberating the primary amine, while the carbonyl and the gem-dimethyl framework survive untouched.
Per the official final answer key the answer is option (D).
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