Solving Word Analogy Problems

This question asks us to find the relationship between the first two words and apply the same relationship to the third word to find the fourth word (the missing term).

The given analogy is:

FRIDGE : EGDIRF : : GROUND : ?

Analyzing the Relationship between FRIDGE and EGDIRF

Let's look at the letters in FRIDGE and EGDIRF:

• FRIDGE has the letters F, R, I, D, G, E
• EGDIRF has the letters E, G, D, I, R, F

If we compare the order, we can see that the letters in EGDIRF are the letters of FRIDGE written in reverse order.

Let's check this:

F <-- first letter of FRIDGE is the last letter of EGDIRF

R <-- second letter of FRIDGE is the second to last letter of EGDIRF

... and so on.

So, the relationship is simply reversing the word.

Applying the Same Relationship to GROUND

Now we need to apply the same reversal relationship to the word GROUND.

The letters in GROUND are G, R, O, U, N, D.

To reverse GROUND, we write its letters from last to first:

• The last letter of GROUND is D. This will be the first letter of the new word.
• The second to last letter of GROUND is N. This will be the second letter of the new word.
• The third to last letter of GROUND is U. This will be the third letter.
• The fourth to last letter of GROUND is O. This will be the fourth letter.
• The fifth to last letter of GROUND is R. This will be the fifth letter.
• The first letter of GROUND is G. This will be the last letter.

Putting the letters together in this reversed order (D, N, U, O, R, G) gives us DNUORG.

Conclusion for the Analogy

Following the pattern established by FRIDGE : EGDIRF, the word that completes the analogy GROUND : ? is DNUORG.

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Identify the pattern between the first pair of words, FRIDGE and EGDIRF.
2. Observe that EGDIRF is the word FRIDGE spelled backward.
3. Apply the same pattern (reversing the word) to the third word, GROUND.
4. Write the letters of GROUND in reverse order.
5. G-R-O-U-N-D becomes D-N-U-O-R-G.
6. The resulting word is DNUORG.

Checking the Options

Let's compare our result DNUORG with the given options:

• Option 1: DNOURG (Incorrect)
• Option 2: DNUOGR (Incorrect)
• Option 3: DNUORG (Correct)
• Option 4: NEUORG (Incorrect)

Our calculated word DNUORG matches Option 3.

Revision Table: Understanding Analogies

Additional Information: Types of Word Relationships in Analogies

Word analogies rely on identifying specific relationships between pairs of words. Here are some common types:

• Synonyms: Words with similar meanings (e.g., Happy : Joyful).
• Antonyms: Words with opposite meanings (e.g., Big : Small).
• Part to Whole: One word is a part of the other (e.g., Finger : Hand).
• Whole to Part: One word is the whole, the other is a part (e.g., Book : Chapter).
• Cause and Effect: One word describes a cause, the other its effect (e.g., Rain : Flood).
• Object and Function: One word is an object, the other its primary use (e.g., Knife : Cut).
• Performer and Action: One word is the doer, the other is the action (e.g., Writer : Write).
• Object and Location: One word is an object, the other its typical location (e.g., Bird : Nest).
• Degree: Words showing different levels of intensity (e.g., Warm : Hot).
• Spatial Relationship: Relationship based on position or order, like the reversal pattern in this question.

Solving analogies improves vocabulary, logical thinking, and pattern recognition skills.