Saqiya was an instrument for _____
Water lifting
Water lifting option is correct.
The saqiya (also spelt saqiyah or saquia) was a geared water-lifting device of Perso-Arab origin that entered north Indian irrigation in a big way under the Delhi Sultanate and matured in the Mughal era. It consisted of a chain or wheel of pots driven by animal power through a pair of meshed wooden gears, raising well or river water to a channel that fed the fields.
Because Amir Khusrau, Babur and later Mughal writers repeatedly describe the saqiya in agrarian contexts, its function is fixed as irrigation — specifically the mechanical lifting of water.
It had no astronomical, chemical or shipbuilding role; those tasks used astrolabes, alchemical apparatus and shipyards respectively.
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