Directions: In this section, each item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6.The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, accordingly Q, R, and on S. the You Answer are required t
S6: Only a small part of insolation is absorbed and converted into thermal energy.
P: Its rays are transmitted in various wavelengths of the solar spectrum, mainly in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands.
Q: When components of the solar spectrum reach the earth, the insolation is partially absorbed and converted to thermal energy.
R: The amount of energy the earth receives from other celestial bodies is negligible by comparison.
S: Radiant energy from the sun that strikes the earth is called insolation.
Sentence Ordering: Sun's Energy Transfer Explained
This question tests your ability to arrange sentences into a coherent paragraph. You are given the first sentence (S1) and the last sentence (S6) of a passage, and you need to correctly order the jumbled sentences (P, Q, R, S) that fall in between.
Understanding the Logical Sequence
Let's break down the logic for ordering the sentences P, Q, R, and S between S1 and S6:
- S1: "The sun is the primary transmitter of energy for the processes of change on the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere." This sentence introduces the main topic: the sun's role as an energy source for Earth.
- R: "The amount of energy the earth receives from other celestial bodies is negligible by comparison." This sentence logically follows S1 by contrasting the sun's energy contribution with that of other celestial bodies, reinforcing the sun's primary role.
- S: "Radiant energy from the sun that strikes the earth is called insolation." After establishing the sun's importance (S1) and dominance (R), this sentence introduces and defines a key term, "insolation," which is the specific type of energy being discussed.
- P: "Its rays are transmitted in various wavelengths of the solar spectrum, mainly in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands." This sentence elaborates on the nature of the "radiant energy" or "insolation" mentioned previously, describing its transmission properties and spectrum. The pronoun "Its" clearly refers back to the sun's energy/rays.
- Q: "When components of the solar spectrum reach the earth, the insolation is partially absorbed and converted to thermal energy." This sentence explains the effect or process that occurs when the described solar rays (insolation) reach Earth, specifically mentioning absorption and conversion to thermal energy.
- S6: "Only a small part of insolation is absorbed and converted into thermal energy." This sentence serves as a concluding statement, adding a quantitative detail ("Only a small part") to the absorption process described in Q. It logically wraps up the discussion on energy transfer and absorption.
Therefore, the correct order for the jumbled sentences is R, S, P, Q.
Final Coherent Passage
Putting it all together, the ordered passage reads:
S1: The sun is the primary transmitter of energy for the processes of change on the Earth's surface and in the atmosphere. R: The amount of energy the earth receives from other celestial bodies is negligible by comparison. S: Radiant energy from the sun that strikes the earth is called insolation. P: Its rays are transmitted in various wavelengths of the solar spectrum, mainly in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands. Q: When components of the solar spectrum reach the earth, the insolation is partially absorbed and converted to thermal energy. S6: Only a small part of insolation is absorbed and converted into thermal energy.
This sequence creates a logical flow, starting with the sun's general role, defining insolation, describing its properties, explaining its effects, and concluding with a detail about the absorption process.
Similar Questions
- S1: Britain was the first country to experience modern industrialisation.
S6: This gave people a wider choice of ways to spend their earnings and expanded the market for the sale of goods.
P: Stability meant that the Kingdom had common laws, a single currency and a market that was not fragmented by local authorities levying taxes on goods that passed through their area, thus increasing their price.
Q: It had been politically stable since the seventeenth century, with England, Wales and Scotland unified under a monarchy.
R: By the end of the seventeenth century, money was widely used as the medium of exchange.
S: As a consequence, a large section of the people received their income in the form of wages and salaries, rather than in goods. - S1: The word science originates from the Latin verb Scientia meaning "to know".
S6: By the middle of the twentieth century, science had become a truly international enterprise, with many cultures and countries contributing to its rapid growth.
P: Science, in a broad sense, is as old as the human species.
Q: From the sixteenth century onwards, great strides were also made in science in Europe.
R: The early civilisations of Egypt, India, China, Greece, Mesopotamia and many others made vital contributions to its progress.
S: The Sanskrit word Vijnana and the Arabic word Ilm convey a similar meaning, namely knowledge. - S1: In an economic sense, feudalism refers to a kind of system of agricultural production.
S6: Thus, feudalism went beyond economic aspects to cover the social and political aspects of life as well.
P: In fact, the latter cultivated their own land as well as that of the lord.
Q: It is based on the relationship between lords and peasants, who worked on the former's land.
R: They also had judicial control over the peasants.
S: The peasants also performed other labour for the lords, who in exchange provided military protection. - S1: People fall down from staircases in different ways in different countries.
S6: This is because for the Americans, their home is usually the only place where they regularly use the stairs.
P: They rely, instead, on the ease and safety of lifts and escalators which are ubiquitous in such places.
Q: This is not because the Japanese are more reckless staircase users, but simply because Americans don't much use the stairs in public places.
R: Staircase injuries, therefore, happen mostly in the home.
S: For instance, someone in Japan is far more likely to be hurt in a staircase fall in an office, department store or railway station than is anyone in the United States. - S1: The lantana plant is not native to India.
S6: However, eradicating lantana is a long and arduous process which can only be carried out with a lot of technical expertise and financial commitment.
P: Since then, it has spread over six lakh square kilometres, covering fifty percent of the country's natural areas.
Q: Research also shows that the lantana has invaded most pasture lands in the country.
R: It was introduced in the country as an ornamental plant by the British in the 1800s.
S: A 2020 estimate by researchers shows that the plant occupies forty percent of forests, including tiger reserves. - S1: William I had the land mapped, and distributed it in sections to one hundred eighty Norman nobles who had migrated with him to Britain.
S6: Thus, Anglo-Saxon peasants became tenants of various levels of landholders.
P: They could not, however, use their knights for private warfare, which was forbidden in England.
Q: They soon began to gift some of their own lands to knights who would serve them just as they in turn served the king.
R: They were obliged to supply a certain number of knights to the king.
S: These noble lords became the chief tenants of the king and were expected to give him military help. - S1: The Japanese empire was considered rich.
S6: Soon, other developments such as the increased use of money and the creation of a stock market in rice show that the economy was developing in new ways.
P: However, paying for these imports with gold and silver strained the economy and led the Tokugawa to put restrictions on the export of precious metals.
Q: Over time, the silk from Nishijin came to be known as the best in the world.
R: They also took steps to develop the silk industry in Nishijin in Kyoto so as to reduce imports.
S: This was because it imported luxury goods like silk from China and textiles from India. - S1: Biodiversity is crucial for the sustenance of life.
S6: After all, products that benefit customers must also positively impact the environment.
P: Corporations have a social responsibility to help navigate discourses on biodiversity and leverage opportunities for sustainable development.
Q: Conserving biodiversity requires the urgent collaboration between, and involvement of, individuals and corporations.
R: Further, customers' demand for greener products can be a catalyst for sustainability.
S: Redesigning manufacturing processes, adopting new technologies, and shifting to a paperless environment are ways to achieve such development. - S1: Among the momentous watersheds through which human beings have passed since their appearance over 100,000 years ago, none has been more profound in its consequences than the shift to agriculture.
S6: Unfortunately, such transformations disrupted delicate natural balances as humans sought enhanced control over their new modes of subsistence.
P: They did this by purposefully transforming landscapes with their agricultural fields and pastures.
Q: They lived much like the way in which their own hominid predecessors had lived for millions of years, as integral components of the Earth's ecosystems.
R: However, with the invention of practices of agriculture, these new farmers and herders began manipulating their surroundings to an unprecedented degree.
S: Before that, for countless generations, nearly all humans had lived as hunters and gatherers, dwelling together in small, stable, nomadic bands that operated in close harmony with nature. (P) facilitate the present and prospective entrepreneurs
(Q) for manufacturing and service units
(R) were notified in 2020, with guidelines to
(S) some new composite criteria of classification
Important Questions from Parajumbles
Three statements are followed by conclusions numbered I, II. You have to consider these statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts. Decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statement.
Statements:
- All water is earth.
- All earth is fire.
- Some fire is air.
Conclusions:
- (I) Some air is earth.
- (II) Some fire is water.
In this question, three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusion(s) logically follows/follow from the statements.
Statements:
No rose is an orchid.
All roses are lilies.
All lilies are lotuses.
Conclusions:
I. Some lilies are orchids.
II. Some lotuses are orchids.
III. All lilies are orchids.
(P) considered to be paradigmatic (Q) sociological study of peasant movements in India (R) the Telangana peasant revolt against the Nizam of Hyderabad in the 1940s is often (S) and the only instance worthy of attention in a comparative
(P) social movements, nonetheless (Q) their political institutions, process, and parties (R) one of the major attributes of and with (S) is their coexistence with national states and
(P) most of the minerals are nationalized (Q) extraction of minerals in India (R) is possible only after the (S) government grants permission as
