The following question consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and the sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find the proper sequence of the four sentences and mark your response accordingly. S1: Ross sent an account of his work, together with slide and specimens to Manson. S6: Ross was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1901. P: They produced a profound sensation. Q: In July 1898, Manson described Ross’s results to the British Medical Association. R: The President of the Royal Society came to Manson’s house and inspected Ross’s materials and said that ‘it was of remarkable interest and value’. S: When Manson had finished, the whole audience rose and cheered. The correct sequence should be
Q P S R
Understanding Passage Ordering
This question requires us to arrange four jumbled sentences (P, Q, R, and S) into a coherent paragraph that logically follows the first sentence (S1) and precedes the sixth sentence (S6).
Let's look at the given sentences:
- S1: Ross sent an account of his work, together with slide and specimens to Manson.
- P: They produced a profound sensation.
- Q: In July 1898, Manson described Ross’s results to the British Medical Association.
- R: The President of the Royal Society came to Manson’s house and inspected Ross’s materials and said that ‘it was of remarkable interest and value’.
- S: When Manson had finished, the whole audience rose and cheered.
- S6: Ross was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1901.
We need to find the sequence of P, Q, R, and S that creates a smooth flow from S1 to S6.
Analyzing the Flow of Ideas
- S1 tells us Ross sent his work to Manson. This is the starting point.
- Manson receiving the work (S1) naturally leads to him *doing* something with it. Q describes Manson presenting the results ("Ross's results") to the British Medical Association. This is a logical next step after receiving the work. So, Q likely follows S1.
- Sentence S describes what happened "When Manson had finished". This directly refers to the action in Q (Manson describing). So, S must follow Q. The cheering audience is a reaction to the presentation.
- Sentence P says "They produced a profound sensation". What produced the sensation? Likely Ross's results and Manson's description of them (from Q). The cheering in S is part of this sensation. So, P could follow Q or S, describing the impact of the event. If S describes the immediate reaction upon finishing, P might describe the overall impact or reception.
- Sentence R describes another event: the President of the Royal Society inspecting the materials at Manson's house and finding them important. This is a separate recognition of the work's value, distinct from the BMA meeting. It validates the importance suggested by P ("profound sensation"). R also mentions the Royal Society, which connects to S6 (Ross's election to the Royal Society). R seems like a sentence that provides further weight and recognition to the work after its initial presentation and impact.
- S6 is about Ross being elected to the Royal Society later in 1901, likely as a result of the significant work described in the preceding sentences (P, Q, R, S).
Evaluating the Sequence Q P S R
Let's test the sequence Q P S R after S1:
- S1: Ross sent an account of his work... to Manson.
- Q: In July 1898, Manson described Ross’s results to the British Medical Association. (Connects to S1 - Manson uses the received work).
- P: They produced a profound sensation. ("They" refers to the results/description in Q). (Explains the impact of the event in Q).
- S: When Manson had finished, the whole audience rose and cheered. (Describes the audience's reaction *after* Manson's description in Q. This follows logically from Q, potentially reinforcing the "profound sensation" mentioned in P, which could be occurring *during* or *because of* the description and its reception). The order Q -> P -> S means the description (Q) caused the sensation (P), and the cheering (S) happened when the description finished. This is a plausible sequence of event -> impact -> immediate reaction.
- R: The President of the Royal Society came to Manson’s house and inspected Ross’s materials and said that ‘it was of remarkable interest and value’. (Provides further validation of the importance discussed in P and connects to S6).
- S6: Ross was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1901. (The recognition in R contributes to this later event).
The sequence Q P S R creates a logical flow:
- Manson receives the work (S1).
- Manson presents the work (Q).
- The presentation/results cause a sensation (P).
- The audience reacts strongly upon completion (S).
- Further official recognition is given (R).
- Leading to ultimate recognition (S6).
This order is coherent and establishes clear cause-and-effect relationships between the sentences. Q follows S1, S follows Q, P describes the effect of Q/S, and R provides further validation, linking to S6.
Final Sequence
Based on the analysis, the correct sequence of the jumbled sentences is Q P S R.
Passage Ordering Revision Table
| Sentence | Content Summary | Logical Connection |
|---|---|---|
| S1 | Ross sends work to Manson. | Starting point. |
| Q | Manson describes results at BMA meeting. | Follows S1 (Manson acts on received work). |
| P | Work produced profound sensation. | Follows Q (Impact of the description/results). |
| S | Audience cheered when Manson finished. | Follows Q (Immediate reaction upon completion of description). Reinforces P. |
| R | Royal Society President validates work's value. | Provides further recognition after initial impact (P, S). Links to S6. |
| S6 | Ross elected to Royal Society. | End point, culmination of earlier recognition. |
Additional Information on Sentence Arrangement
Passage ordering questions test your ability to understand the logical connections between sentences and form a cohesive paragraph. Here are some tips:
- Identify S1 and S6: These sentences provide the beginning and end context.
- Look for Connectors: Words or phrases like "therefore," "however," "similarly," "in addition," "when he finished," "they" can indicate relationships between sentences. Pronouns (like "They" in P referring to "results" in Q) are key.
- Find Topic Sentences: Some sentences might introduce a new idea or event.
- Establish Chronology: Look for time markers (like "In July 1898" in Q) or events that must happen in a specific order (like describing results must happen before the audience reacts to the description).
- Identify Cause and Effect: One sentence might describe a cause, and another its effect.
- Scan Options: Once you've identified a likely pair or starting point (like Q following S1), check the options to see which ones start with or contain that sequence.
By carefully analyzing the meaning and structure of each sentence and how they relate to each other and the fixed sentences (S1 and S6), you can determine the correct sequence that forms a logical and coherent passage.
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S1: In mechanical efforts, you improve by perpetual practice.
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P: He cannot go on shooting wide or falling short, and still fancy that he is making progress.
Q: This is so because the object to be attained is a matter of actual experiment in which you either succeed or fail.
R: He must either correct his aim or persevere in his error with his eyes open.
S: If a man aims at a mark with a bow and arrow, he must either hit it or aim it.
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S: In his early years Isaac did not appear to be a very bright student.
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S1: The examination system must be regarded as the chief wrecker of young nerves.
S6: If I become a Vice-Chancellor, my first act would be to abolish all examinations in my university.
P: It makes me jump out of the bed, all in a sweat.
Q: It does this by building up a tension, for a part of the year, all through one’s youth.
R: And after four decades, the same nervousness sometimes recurs to me in nightmares.
S: I remember the desperate nervousness that used to grip me from January to April every year.
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Q: Toynbee’s view of history was different.
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S: Though he used the recorded history of mankind, he was interested not merely in the chronology of single states or group but in the rise and fall of whole civilizations.
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