Understanding Coding Language Patterns

This question involves a type of verbal reasoning known as coding and decoding. A specific rule or pattern is applied to a word to transform it into a coded form. We need to identify this pattern by examining the relationship between the given word, SANCTION, and its coded form, TZOBUHPM. Once the pattern is found, we apply it to the word TELEVISE to find its coded form.

Analyzing the SANCTION to TZOBUHPM Code

Let's look at the transformation of each letter in SANCTION to its corresponding letter in TZOBUHPM:

• S goes to T
• A goes to Z
• N goes to O
• C goes to B
• T goes to U
• I goes to H
• O goes to P
• N goes to M

Now, let's consider the alphabetical position of each letter or the difference in position:

• S (19) to T (20): This is a forward shift of 1 position ($19 + 1 = 20$).
• A (1) to Z (26): This is a backward shift of 1 position ($1 - 1 = 0$, which wraps around from A to Z, so it's a -1 shift).
• N (14) to O (15): This is a forward shift of 1 position ($14 + 1 = 15$).
• C (3) to B (2): This is a backward shift of 1 position ($3 - 1 = 2$).
• T (20) to U (21): This is a forward shift of 1 position ($20 + 1 = 21$).
• I (9) to H (8): This is a backward shift of 1 position ($9 - 1 = 8$).
• O (15) to P (16): This is a forward shift of 1 position ($15 + 1 = 16$).
• N (14) to M (13): This is a backward shift of 1 position ($14 - 1 = 13$).

The pattern observed is an alternating shift: +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, -1. For every odd-positioned letter (1st, 3rd, 5th, etc.), the shift is +1. For every even-positioned letter (2nd, 4th, 6th, etc.), the shift is -1.

Applying the Pattern to TELEVISE

Now we apply the same alternating +1, -1 pattern to each letter of TELEVISE, following the order of the letters.

• T (1st letter): Position 20. Apply +1 shift. $20 + 1 = 21$. The 21st letter is U.
• E (2nd letter): Position 5. Apply -1 shift. $5 - 1 = 4$. The 4th letter is D.
• L (3rd letter): Position 12. Apply +1 shift. $12 + 1 = 13$. The 13th letter is M.
• E (4th letter): Position 5. Apply -1 shift. $5 - 1 = 4$. The 4th letter is D.
• V (5th letter): Position 22. Apply +1 shift. $22 + 1 = 23$. The 23rd letter is W.
• I (6th letter): Position 9. Apply -1 shift. $9 - 1 = 8$. The 8th letter is H.
• S (7th letter): Position 19. Apply +1 shift. $19 + 1 = 20$. The 20th letter is T.
• E (8th letter): Position 5. Apply -1 shift. $5 - 1 = 4$. The 4th letter is D.

Combining the coded letters, we get UDMDWHTD.

Conclusion

Following the discovered pattern of alternating +1 and -1 shifts for consecutive letters, the word TELEVISE is coded as UDMDWHTD.

Revision Table: Alphabetical Positions

Additional Information: Types of Letter Coding

Letter coding questions in reasoning tests can involve various patterns. Some common types include:

• Shift Coding: Letters are shifted forward or backward by a fixed number of positions (e.g., +3 for every letter).
• Alternating Shift Coding: The shift amount or direction alternates (+1, -1, +1, -1 as seen in this question, or +2, +3, +2, +3, etc.).
• Reverse Alphabetical Order: Letters are coded with their corresponding letters from the reverse alphabet (A becomes Z, B becomes Y, etc.).
• Jumbled Letters: The letters within the word are rearranged according to a specific rule.
• Opposite Letters: Letters are replaced by their opposite letters in the alphabetical series (A is opposite Z, B is opposite Y, M is opposite N).
• Pattern based on Position: The shift or transformation depends on the position of the letter within the word (e.g., +1 for 1st letter, +2 for 2nd, etc.).

Identifying the correct pattern is key to solving these coding language problems.