Highlight the constitutional provisions and judicial interventions to promote gender equality in India.
India’s Constitution establishes a comprehensive framework to promote gender equality, enshrining both fundamental rights and guiding principles. Article 14 guarantees equality before the law, while Article 15 explicitly prohibits discrimination on the grounds of sex, with Article 15(3) permitting special provisions for women and children. Article 16 ensures equality of opportunity in public employment, and the Directive Principles of State Policy, particularly Article 39, advocate equal pay for equal work and safeguard women’s health and welfare. Beyond constitutional provisions, judicial interventions have played a crucial role in reinforcing gender equality. Landmark judgments such as Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan laid down binding guidelines against sexual harassment at the workplace, later codified into law. Courts have further strengthened women’s rights through decisions on issues like triple talaq, property ownership, reproductive autonomy, and workplace discrimination. By interpreting fundamental rights expansively, the judiciary has helped translate constitutional ideals into practical protections, promoting social justice, empowerment, and equal opportunities for women across India.
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Sakshi Negi
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