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Divergent political interests and financial constraints hinder the spirit of 'cooperative federalism'. Comment. 

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2025 (Prelims) CSAT Official Paper (25-May-2025)

The ideal of 'cooperative federalism,' where the Centre and states collaborate harmoniously, often stumbles upon the hard realities of divergent political interests and financial constraints. When different political parties govern at the Centre and in states, their ideologies and electoral agendas often clash, leading to policy disagreements and a reluctance to cooperate on shared goals. This can manifest as states resisting central schemes or the Centre withholding support from state initiatives.

Moreover, financial constraints are a significant impediment. States often feel short-changed in resource allocation or burdened by centrally mandated schemes without adequate funding. This leads to constant wrangling over fiscal transfers, grants, and tax shares. Without sufficient resources, states cannot effectively implement joint initiatives, and a feeling of financial dependency can breed resentment, replacing cooperation with competition. Both political rivalry and resource scarcity thus act as formidable barriers to the smooth functioning of cooperative federalism.

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Sakshi Negi

Sakshi Negi is a Delhi-based journalist and content specialist with expertise in educational content and digital media, focusing particularly on government exam preparation and career guidance. With a degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from NRAI School of Mass Communication and her background as a Kendriya Vidyalaya alumna, she brings unique insights into the Indian education system and government sector opportunities.

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