Gender justice in India, viewed through a constitutional lens, signifies achieving substantive equality for all genders, dismantling patriarchal structures, and ensuring equal opportunities and protection under the law. The Indian Constitution, a progressive document, embodies this vision through several foundational provisions.

The Preamble itself sets the tone, promising "Justice – social, economic and political" and "Equality of status and of opportunity" to all citizens, implicitly including gender equality.

Part III (Fundamental Rights) is crucial. Article 14 guarantees "equality before the law and equal protection of the laws," forming the bedrock of non-discrimination. Article 15 explicitly prohibits discrimination on grounds of "sex," and importantly, Article 15(3) empowers the state to make "special provisions for women and children," enabling affirmative action and protective discrimination to address historical disadvantages. Similarly, Article 16 ensures "equality of opportunity in matters of public employment," preventing gender-based biases. Furthermore, the expansive interpretation of Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) by the judiciary has encompassed the right to live with dignity, privacy, and freedom from sexual harassment, directly contributing to gender justice.

Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy) further strengthens this commitment. Article 39(a) mandates the state to secure equal rights to adequate means of livelihood for men and women, while Article 39(d) calls for "equal pay for equal work for both men and women." Article 42 directs the state to make provisions for "just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief."

Relevant case laws underscore this constitutional commitment. In C.B. Muthamma v. Union of India (1979), the Supreme Court struck down discriminatory service rules against women. The landmark Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997) case laid down comprehensive guidelines for preventing sexual harassment at the workplace, later leading to specific legislation. More recently, Shayara Bano v. Union of India (2017), which invalidated instant triple talaq, and Joseph Shine v. Union of India (2018), decriminalizing adultery, have been pivotal in advancing gender equality in personal laws and promoting gender neutrality. These judicial interventions, rooted in constitutional principles, continually expand the horizons of gender justice in India.