Discuss the role of the National Commission for Backward Classes in the wake of its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body.
The transformation of the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) from a statutory body to a constitutional body via the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018, significantly elevated its stature and expanded its role. Previously, as a statutory body, its recommendations were not binding, and it lacked the authority of a constitutional entity.
Now, as a constitutional body under Article 338B, the NCBC enjoys enhanced powers akin to the National Commissions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Its primary role is to protect the rights and safeguards provided for the socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs). This includes:
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Investigating and Monitoring: Examining specific complaints regarding the deprivation of rights and safeguards of SEBCs.
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Advisory Role: Advising the Union and State governments on socio-economic development schemes and policies for SEBCs.
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Reporting: Presenting annual reports to the President on the working of safeguards.
This constitutional status grants the NCBC greater autonomy, legitimacy, and teeth to ensure the effective implementation of welfare measures, provide a stronger grievance redressal mechanism, and genuinely advocate for the advancement of backward classes in India.
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Explain and distinguish between Lok Adalats and Arbitration Tribunals. Whether they entertain civil as well as criminal cases?
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