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Question

Copper behaves as a :

This question was previously asked in
MH SET 2025 Paper 2 Hindi Question Paper (15-Jun-2025)
The correct answer is

Conductor or dielectric depending on the frequency

Conductor or dielectric depending on the frequency option is correct.

Whether a medium behaves as a good conductor or a good dielectric is decided by the loss tangent \(\tan\delta = \sigma/(\omega\varepsilon)\). When \(\sigma \gg \omega\varepsilon\) the material is a conductor; when \(\sigma \ll \omega\varepsilon\) it acts as a dielectric.

Copper has a very large but finite conductivity. At normal radio and microwave frequencies \(\sigma/\omega\varepsilon\) is enormous and copper is an excellent conductor, but at optical and higher frequencies \(\omega\varepsilon\) becomes comparable to or larger than \(\sigma\) and copper starts to exhibit dielectric-like behaviour. Field strength and current density do not appear in the loss-tangent criterion, so those distractors are wrong.

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