Consider the following statements regarding Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA): 1. DXA is used to measure bone mineral density. 2. It works on the principle that calcium in bone attenuates passage of X-rays through the tissue in proportion to the amount of mineral present. 3. Osteoporosis is defined to be present when the T-score lies between (-1.0) and below (+2.5). 4. Co-existing conditions, e.g., aortic calcification or degenerative disc disease can cause high bone mineral density even in the presence of osteoporosis. Which of the statements given above are correct?
1, 2 and 4
DXA measures bone mineral density based on differential X-ray attenuation by bone mineral. Osteoporosis is defined by a T-score of -2.5 or below (not between -1.0 and +2.5 as stated), so statement 3 is incorrect. Co-existing conditions like aortic or disc calcification can spuriously raise measured BMD, masking true osteoporosis, so statements 1, 2 and 4 are correct.
Important Questions from Osteoporosis
- Which of the following are correct with regard to osteoporosis ?
1. It does not cause symptoms until a fracture occurs
2. Vertebral fracture can present with loss of height, in absence of pain
3. Smoking is protective
4. It sometimes presents incidentally as radiological osteopenia
Select the correct answer using the code given below : - Use of which of the following drugs may result in osteoporosis ?
1. Phenytoin
2. Lithium
3. Methotrexate
4. Azathioprine
Select the correct answer using the code given below : - First line drug treatment to reduce fractures in osteoporosis is :
- Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase is seen in all except:
- Which one of the following is the most common site for a fracture associated with osteoporosis ?
