The question asks about a freedom fighter who died during the protest against the Simon Commission where protesters used black flags.

The Simon Commission, also known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was a group of seven Members of Parliament from Britain formed in 1927 to study constitutional reform in India. A major point of contention was that the Commission did not include any Indian members. This exclusion led to widespread outrage and calls for a complete boycott of the Commission by Indian political parties, including the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.

When the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928, it was met with nationwide protests. People participated in hartals (strikes) and demonstrations. A common form of protest was waving black flags and chanting slogans like "Simon Go Back!".

One significant protest occurred in Lahore on October 30, 1928, when the Simon Commission visited the city. Lala Lajpat Rai, a prominent nationalist leader and a key figure in the Indian independence movement, led the demonstration against the Commission. Despite the peaceful nature of the protest, the police resorted to a brutal lathi (baton) charge to disperse the crowd.

Lala Lajpat Rai was severely injured during this police action. Although he addressed a public meeting later, declaring that "Every blow aimed at my body will be a nail in the coffin of the British empire," his injuries were grievous. He succumbed to his injuries about three weeks later, on November 17, 1928.

His death further intensified the nationalist sentiment and became a symbol of British brutality, galvanizing many young leaders.

Let's briefly look at the other options in this context:

• Surendranath Banerjee was an early nationalist leader but was less active in the mass movements of the late 1920s compared to Lala Lajpat Rai. He passed away in 1925, before the Simon Commission arrived in India.
• Sachindra Nath Sanyal was a revolutionary leader, co-founder of the Hindustan Republican Association. While a significant figure, his death was not directly linked to the protest against the Simon Commission in this manner.
• Chittaranjan Das was a prominent freedom fighter, lawyer, and co-founder of the Swaraj Party. He passed away in 1925, before the Simon Commission was formed.

Based on historical events, Lala Lajpat Rai is the freedom fighter who lost his life following injuries sustained during the protest against the Simon Commission.

Lala Lajpat Rai and Simon Commission Protest Summary

Revision Table: Key Leaders & Events

Additional Information on Simon Commission and Indian Nationalism

The Simon Commission controversy played a significant role in the Indian independence movement. The exclusion of Indians from the commission was seen as a direct insult to Indian dignity and capability for self-governance. The widespread protests united various sections of Indian society against the British rule.

Following the boycott and the political turmoil it created, the British government invited Indian leaders to the Round Table Conferences to discuss constitutional reforms. The death of Lala Lajpat Rai in the protest against the Simon Commission became a major catalyst for nationalist anger and revolutionary activities.

Bhagat Singh and his associates retaliated for Lala Lajpat Rai's death by assassinating J.P. Saunders, a British police officer believed to have been responsible for the lathi charge, although the target was intended to be Superintendent James Scott.