Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it. At the end of 2020, there were 82.4 million forcibly displaced people in the world, of which more than a quarter are refugees. "By the end of 2020, the number of people forcibly displaced due to persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations, and events seriously disturbing public order, had grown to 82.4 million, the highest number on record according to available data," according to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Out of these 82.4 million forcibly displaced people in the world, more than a quarter are refugees. Just five countries produce 68% of all refugees displaced abroad: the Syrian Arab Republic, Venezuela, Afghanistan, South Sudan, and Myanmar. The top five host countries, where these displaced people are currently located are: Turkey, Colombia, Germany, Pakistan, and Uganda. With 3.7 million displaced people now within its borders, Turkey hosts twice as many refugees as Colombia, the next highest host country, with 1.7 million people. The situation in Turkey illustrates the effects of proximity, as 92% of its refugees have come from neighbouring Syria, where war and armed conflict have now been raging for more than 10 years. It demonstrates that huge numbers of displaced people stay close to their point of origin. There are more than 48 million internally displaced people - people who have had to flee their homes in search of safety elsewhere within their home nation. The highest increases in the number of internally displaced people happened in Africa (especially Ethiopia) and were provoked by a combination of armed conflict and humanitarian disasters. Civil war in Ethiopia, Africa's second most-populated country, has sparked a wave of displacement in a region that was already facing what the UNHCR calls "a full-scale humanitarian crisis." All in all, more than a million Ethiopian people had to leave their homes behind last year, the UNHCR says.
Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
Analyzing Statements on Forcibly Displaced People
The passage provides detailed statistics and information regarding forcibly displaced people worldwide at the end of 2020. It highlights the total number of displaced individuals, the breakdown into refugees and internally displaced people, major origin countries, and key host countries, along with specific examples like Turkey and Ethiopia.
We need to evaluate each given statement against the information presented in the passage to determine which one is NOT true.
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Statement 1: More than a million Ethiopian people were displaced last year due to civil war.
The passage states, "All in all, more than a million Ethiopian people had to leave their homes behind last year, the UNHCR says." This directly supports the statement. Thus, this statement is true according to the passage.
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Statement 2: There are 82.4 million displaced persons in the world.
The passage begins by stating, "At the end of 2020, there were 82.4 million forcibly displaced people in the world...". This number is further reiterated by the UNHCR quote. Thus, this statement is true according to the passage.
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Statement 3: Turkey is presently hosting 3.7 million displaced people within its borders.
The passage explicitly mentions, "With 3.7 million displaced people now within its borders, Turkey hosts twice as many refugees as Colombia...". This confirms the number of displaced people hosted by Turkey. Thus, this statement is true according to the passage.
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Statement 4: 1.7 million people from Syria have been displaced till now due to war and armed conflict.
The passage mentions Syria as one of the top origin countries. It also states that Turkey hosts 3.7 million displaced people, and "92% of its refugees have come from neighbouring Syria," which is approximately 3.4 million people displaced from Syria into Turkey alone. The passage also mentions that Colombia hosts 1.7 million displaced people, but this number refers to people hosted by Colombia, not the total number displaced *from* Syria. The passage does not provide a total figure for people displaced *from* Syria, but the number displaced into Turkey alone (approx 3.4 million) is already more than 1.7 million. Therefore, the statement that 1.7 million people have been displaced from Syria in total is NOT supported by the passage and appears to be false based on the information given.
Based on the analysis, Statement 4 is the one that is NOT true according to the passage.
Revision Table: Facts on Displaced People
| Statement | Information from Passage | Supported by Passage? |
|---|---|---|
| More than a million Ethiopian people were displaced last year due to civil war. | "more than a million Ethiopian people had to leave their homes behind last year" | Yes |
| There are 82.4 million displaced persons in the world. | "At the end of 2020, there were 82.4 million forcibly displaced people in the world" | Yes |
| Turkey is presently hosting 3.7 million displaced people within its borders. | "With 3.7 million displaced people now within its borders, Turkey hosts..." | Yes |
| 1.7 million people from Syria have been displaced till now due to war and armed conflict. | Passage mentions 92% of Turkey's 3.7 million refugees are from Syria (approx 3.4 million). 1.7 million is the number hosted by Colombia. No total figure for displacement *from* Syria is given, but the number displaced into Turkey alone is higher. | No |
Additional Information on Forced Displacement and Refugees
The passage highlights the significant global issue of forced displacement. It's important to understand the key terms and concepts discussed:
- Forcibly Displaced People: This is a broad term covering individuals who have been forced to leave their homes due to various reasons like conflict, violence, persecution, or human rights violations.
- Refugees: These are a subset of forcibly displaced people who have crossed an international border to seek safety in another country due to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion. The passage states refugees make up more than a quarter of the 82.4 million total.
- Internally Displaced People (IDPs): These are people who have been forced to flee their homes but remain within the borders of their own country. The passage notes there are more than 48 million IDPs globally.
- Key Drivers of Displacement: The passage identifies conflict (like in Syria and Ethiopia), violence, persecution, human rights violations, and humanitarian disasters as major causes.
- Proximity Effect: The case of Turkey hosting a large number of Syrian refugees illustrates that many displaced people stay close to their country or region of origin if possible.
- UNHCR: The passage references the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, the UN agency mandated to protect and support refugees and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration, or resettlement to a third country. They are a key source of data on global displacement.
Understanding these terms helps clarify the complex situation of global forced displacement discussed in the passage.
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