What do you understand by mango malformation? Elucidate symptoms, causal organism and control measures of floral mango malformation.
Mango malformation is a serious physiological disorder causing abnormal vegetative or floral growth, leading to significant yield losses.
Floral Mango Malformation:
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Symptoms: The most severe form. Instead of normal, loose panicles, flowers become compact, crowded, and highly branched, appearing like green bouquets or witches' brooms. These flowers are usually sterile and do not set fruit. Affected panicles remain dark green, sometimes turning blackish.
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Causal Organism: Primarily attributed to the fungus, Fusarium mangiferae. Environmental factors and hormonal imbalances are also implicated.
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Control Measures:
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Pruning: Removing malformed shoots/panicles immediately after their appearance and destroying them.
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Fungicide Sprays: Applying systemic fungicides (e.g., carbendazim) to infected plants.
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Plant Growth Regulators: Application of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) at specific concentrations can help reduce incidence.
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Resistant Varieties: Cultivating less susceptible mango varieties.
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Orchard Sanitation: Maintaining overall orchard hygiene to reduce fungal inoculum.
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