Referring to the location and physical formation of karewas, highlight their economic significance.
Karewas are unique lacustrine deposits found mainly in the Kashmir Valley and Bhadarwah Valley of the Himalayas. They originated during the Pleistocene epoch when tectonic uplift of the Pir Panjal range dammed rivers, forming large lakes. Over time, these lakes accumulated sediments of clay, silt, sand, and lignite through glacial and fluvial action. With subsequent drainage and incision, the lakes left behind flat-topped, steep-sided terraces – the karewas.
Economically, karewas are highly valuable. Their fertile, well-drained loamy soils are ideal for specialized horticulture, especially saffron cultivation near Pampore, which is globally renowned. They also support apple orchards, almonds, walnuts, and viticulture in select areas, anchoring Kashmir’s agro-economy. Some karewas contain lignite seams, historically mined for energy. Thus, karewas exemplify the synergy of geological evolution and economic geography, sustaining both cash crops and regional livelihoods.
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