Matching Indian History Figures and Movements

This question requires matching prominent Indian nationalist organizations and movements with their key founding figures or leaders. It's important to recall the historical significance of each entity and the individuals associated with them during India's struggle for independence.

Analyzing Each Match

We are asked to match the following items:

• a. Indian National Army
• b. Ghadar Party
• c. Mitra Mela
• d. Home Rule League

With the potential leaders/founders:

• 1. Lala Hardayal
• 2. Subhash Chandra Bose
• 3. V.D. Savarkar
• 4. Annie Besant

Detailed Explanation of Matches

Indian National Army (INA) and Subhash Chandra Bose: The Indian National Army, also known as the Azad Hind Fauj, was a crucial military force formed during World War II with the aim of liberating India from British rule. While its initial formation involved Captain Mohan Singh, it was significantly revitalized and led by the charismatic leader Subhash Chandra Bose from 1943 onwards. He became the central figure associated with the INA's efforts. Therefore, the correct match for 'a' is '2'.

Ghadar Party and Lala Hardayal: The Ghadar Party was established by expatriate Indians in North America, primarily in San Francisco, in 1913. Its main objective was to organize and incite Indian soldiers and immigrants to revolt against British rule. A prominent intellectual and activist behind the Ghadar movement and newspaper was Lala Hardayal. Hence, the correct match for 'b' is '1'.

Mitra Mela and V.D. Savarkar: Mitra Mela was an early secret society established in Nashik, Maharashtra, around 1899. It was founded by the Savarkar brothers, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (V.D. Savarkar) and Ganesh Damodar Savarkar. This organization served as a precursor to the more radical Abhinav Bharat Society. Thus, the correct match for 'c' is '3'.

Home Rule League and Annie Besant: The Home Rule League movement gained momentum in India during World War I, advocating for self-governance (Swaraj). While Bal Gangadhar Tilak also founded a Home Rule League, Annie Besant established her own Home Rule League in Madras in September 1916, playing a pivotal role in popularizing the demand for self-rule across India. Therefore, the correct match for 'd' is '4'.

Summary of Correct Matches

Based on the historical associations explained above, the accurate pairings are:

These matches reflect the significant contributions of these leaders to the Indian nationalist movements.