In the nitrogen cycle, which bacterial genus carries out the first step of nitrification by oxidizing ammonia (\(NH_3\)) to nitrite (\(NO_2^-\)) ?
Nitrosomonas
Nitrification occurs in two distinct steps carried out by different bacterial genera. Azotobacter is instead involved in free-living nitrogen fixation, not nitrification, so it does not fit here.
Nitrosomonas is the genus that carries out the first step, oxidizing ammonia (\(NH_3\)) to nitrite (\(NO_2^-\)). The second step, oxidizing nitrite further to nitrate (\(NO_3^-\)), is carried out by Nitrobacter, which is why it is often confused with the first step.
Therefore, the bacterial genus that completes the first step of nitrification is Nitrosomonas.
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