Solving the Coding Decoding Problem: NEEDLE to MFDEKF

This question involves decoding a pattern in a given code language and applying it to a new word. We are given that the word NEEDLE is coded as MFDEKF. Our task is to find how the word HAMMER will be written in the same language.

Analysing the Code Language Pattern

Let's look at the relationship between the letters of NEEDLE and its code MFDEKF letter by letter. We can compare the positions of these letters in the English alphabet.

From the analysis, we can see a clear pattern in the coding rule. The first letter is shifted by -1, the second by +1, the third by -1, the fourth by +1, and so on. The pattern of shifts is alternating: \(-1, +1, -1, +1, -1, +1, \dots\).

Applying the Code Rule to HAMMER

Now, we will apply this alternating \(-1, +1\) shift pattern to the letters of the word HAMMER:

• For the first letter 'H': H \(-1\) shift gives the letter before H, which is G. (\(H \rightarrow G\))
• For the second letter 'A': A \(+1\) shift gives the letter after A, which is B. (\(A \rightarrow B\))
• For the third letter 'M': M \(-1\) shift gives the letter before M, which is L. (\(M \rightarrow L\))
• For the fourth letter 'M': M \(+1\) shift gives the letter after M, which is N. (\(M \rightarrow N\))
• For the fifth letter 'E': E \(-1\) shift gives the letter before E, which is D. (\(E \rightarrow D\))
• For the sixth letter 'R': R \(+1\) shift gives the letter after R, which is S. (\(R \rightarrow S\))

Combining the resulting letters, HAMMER is coded as GBLNDS.

Comparing with Options

Let's compare our coded word GBLNDS with the given options:

• Option 1: IBLNDS
• Option 2: GALNDS
• Option 3: GBLNFT
• Option 4: GBLNDS

Our result, GBLNDS, matches Option 4.

Conclusion on Coding Decoding

The code language uses an alternating shift pattern for each letter in the word. By identifying this pattern from the example NEEDLE to MFDEKF, we successfully applied it to HAMMER to find its code.

The coded word for HAMMER in this language is GBLNDS.

Revision Table: Coding Decoding Concepts

Additional Information: Types of Coding Decoding

Coding and decoding questions are common in reasoning tests. They assess your ability to identify patterns and apply rules. Here are some common types:

• Letter Coding: As seen in this problem, letters are replaced by other letters. The rules can involve shifting positions in the alphabet (\(+n\) or \(-n\)), reversing the alphabet position (A becomes Z, B becomes Y), substituting letters based on a jumbled sequence, or alternating rules like in this question.
• Number Coding: Words are coded into numbers. This can be based on the positional value of letters (A=1, B=2, etc.), number of letters, sum/product of positional values, or other numerical patterns.
• Symbol Coding: Words are coded using symbols. Each letter might be assigned a unique symbol.
• Mixed Coding: A combination of letters, numbers, and symbols is used in the code. Often involves common codes for common words in a given set of statements.
• Sentence Coding: Entire sentences are coded, often where codes for individual words need to be figured out by comparing different coded sentences.

Practicing different types helps in quickly identifying the pattern during exams.