In a certain code language, "FABRIC" is written as "GZCQJB" and " BITTER" is written as "CHUSFQ". How will "ANIMAL" be written in that language?
BMJLBK
Understanding the Coding Decoding Problem
This question asks us to decipher a specific coding pattern used to transform words into coded forms. We are given two examples of words and their corresponding codes: "FABRIC" becomes "GZCQJB" and "BITTER" becomes "CHUSFQ". Our task is to apply the same logic to find the code for the word "ANIMAL".
Analyzing the Coding Pattern for FABRIC
Let's examine how each letter in "FABRIC" is transformed into the corresponding letter in "GZCQJB". We can look at the position of each letter in the English alphabet.
| Original Letter | Coded Letter | Transformation |
|---|---|---|
| F | G | F is the 6th letter, G is the 7th. Transformation: $\text{+1}$ |
| A | Z | A is the 1st letter, Z is the 26th. Transformation: $\text{-1}$ (wrapping around) |
| B | C | B is the 2nd letter, C is the 3rd. Transformation: $\text{+1}$ |
| R | Q | R is the 18th letter, Q is the 17th. Transformation: $\text{-1}$ |
| I | J | I is the 9th letter, J is the 10th. Transformation: $\text{+1}$ |
| C | B | C is the 3rd letter, B is the 2nd. Transformation: $\text{-1}$ |
From this analysis, we observe a pattern: the transformation alternates between adding 1 to the letter's position ($\text{+1}$) and subtracting 1 from the letter's position ($\text{-1}$). The pattern is $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$.
Verifying the Pattern with BITTER
Let's check if the same alternating $\text{+1}, \text{-1}$ pattern holds for the second example, "BITTER" coded as "CHUSFQ".
| Original Letter | Coded Letter | Transformation |
|---|---|---|
| B | C | B $\rightarrow$ C ($\text{+1}$) |
| I | H | I $\rightarrow$ H ($\text{-1}$) |
| T | U | T $\rightarrow$ U ($\text{+1}$) |
| T | S | T $\rightarrow$ S ($\text{-1}$) |
| E | F | E $\rightarrow$ F ($\text{+1}$) |
| R | Q | R $\rightarrow$ Q ($\text{-1}$) |
The pattern is indeed $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$. This confirms the coding rule used in this language.
Applying the Pattern to ANIMAL
Now we will apply the established alternating $\text{+1}, \text{-1}$ pattern to the word "ANIMAL". The pattern for the letters in "ANIMAL" will be $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$.
| Original Letter | Transformation | Coded Letter |
|---|---|---|
| A | $\text{+1}$ | B |
| N | $\text{-1}$ | M |
| I | $\text{+1}$ | J |
| M | $\text{-1}$ | L |
| A | $\text{+1}$ | B |
| L | $\text{-1}$ | K |
Following the pattern, "ANIMAL" is coded as "BMJLBK".
Conclusion and Correct Option
The coded word for "ANIMAL" using the established pattern is "BMJLBK". We need to check which of the given options matches this result.
- Option 1: CNJMCL
- Option 2: CMIMBJ
- Option 3: ANINCL
- Option 4: BMJLBK
Our calculated code "BMJLBK" matches Option 4.
Revision Table: Coding Pattern Summary
| Word | Coded Word | Pattern Applied |
|---|---|---|
| FABRIC | GZCQJB | $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$ |
| BITTER | CHUSFQ | $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$ |
| ANIMAL | BMJLBK | $\text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}, \text{+1}, \text{-1}$ |
Additional Information: Types of Letter Coding
Coding-decoding questions are common in reasoning sections of competitive exams. They test your ability to identify patterns and rules. Besides the letter-shifting pattern seen here ($\text{+1}, \text{-1}$), other common patterns include:
- Alphabetical Position Coding: Letters are replaced by their position numbers (e.g., A=1, B=2).
- Reverse Alphabetical Order: Letters are coded based on their position from the end of the alphabet (e.g., Z=1, Y=2).
- Letter Swapping: Letters within the word are rearranged based on a rule (e.g., reversing the word, swapping adjacent letters).
- Opposite Letter Coding: Each letter is replaced by its corresponding letter from the opposite end of the alphabet (A $\leftrightarrow$ Z, B $\leftrightarrow$ Y, etc.).
- Mixed Letter and Number Coding: A combination of letters and numbers is used in the code.
Solving these problems requires careful observation and systematic analysis of the given examples to identify the specific rule or pattern being used.
Important Questions from Coding and Decoding By Letter Shifting
In a certain code language, 'INERTIA' is written as 'RGVKGBZ'. How will 'FLOWER' be written in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘ADVANCE’ is written as ‘VDAAECN’ and ‘BABYSIT’ is written as ‘BABYTIS’. How will ‘AFFABLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain language, CHHAPAK is coded as DJKEUGR. How will MALANGA be coded in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘DURABLES’ is written as ‘BSVETFMC’. How will ‘FEASIBLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain code language, 'FIXED' is written as 'XIFED' and 'MOUSE' is written as 'USOME'. How will 'GAMBIT' be written in that language?
