In a certain code language, "ENVOY" is written as "DMUNX" and "CHECK" is written as "BGDBJ". How will "ANGLE" be written in that language?
ZMFKD
Decoding the Pattern: ENVOY to DMUNX and CHECK to BGDBJ
This question involves decoding a pattern used in a specific code language. We are given two examples of words being coded and asked to apply the same pattern to a new word, "ANGLE".
Analyzing the Given Code Language Examples
Let's examine the transformation from the original words to their coded forms:
Example 1: ENVOY coded as DMUNX
We compare each letter of "ENVOY" with the corresponding letter in "DMUNX" based on their positions in the English alphabet.
- E (5th letter) becomes D (4th letter): The position changes by \(5 - 4 = 1\). It's a decrease.
- N (14th letter) becomes M (13th letter): The position changes by \(14 - 13 = 1\). It's a decrease.
- V (22nd letter) becomes U (21st letter): The position changes by \(22 - 21 = 1\). It's a decrease.
- O (15th letter) becomes N (14th letter): The position changes by \(15 - 14 = 1\). It's a decrease.
- Y (25th letter) becomes X (24th letter): The position changes by \(25 - 24 = 1\). It's a decrease.
The pattern observed here is that each letter in the original word is replaced by the letter that comes immediately before it in the alphabet. This is equivalent to subtracting 1 from the alphabetical position of each letter, wrapping around from A to Z if needed (though not needed in this specific example).
Example 2: CHECK coded as BGDBJ
Let's verify this pattern with the second example:
- C (3rd letter) becomes B (2nd letter): \(3 - 2 = 1\). Decrease.
- H (8th letter) becomes G (7th letter): \(8 - 7 = 1\). Decrease.
- E (5th letter) becomes D (4th letter): \(5 - 4 = 1\). Decrease.
- C (3rd letter) becomes B (2nd letter): \(3 - 2 = 1\). Decrease.
- K (11th letter) becomes J (10th letter): \(11 - 10 = 1\). Decrease.
The same pattern holds true for the second example as well. Each letter is replaced by the preceding letter in the alphabet.
Applying the Coding Pattern to ANGLE
Now, we apply the established pattern (subtracting 1 from the alphabetical position of each letter, wrapping around from A to Z) to the word "ANGLE".
- A (1st letter): Subtracting 1 from 1 gives 0. In alphabetical order, moving back one step from 'A' takes us to 'Z' (the 26th letter). So, A becomes Z.
- N (14th letter): Subtracting 1 from 14 gives 13. The 13th letter is M. So, N becomes M.
- G (7th letter): Subtracting 1 from 7 gives 6. The 6th letter is F. So, G becomes F.
- L (12th letter): Subtracting 1 from 12 gives 11. The 11th letter is K. So, L becomes K.
- E (5th letter): Subtracting 1 from 5 gives 4. The 4th letter is D. So, E becomes D.
Combining the coded letters, "ANGLE" is written as "ZMFKD".
Summary of the Transformation
| Original Word | ENVOY | CHECK | ANGLE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern Applied | Each letter \(\rightarrow\) Previous letter | Each letter \(\rightarrow\) Previous letter | Each letter \(\rightarrow\) Previous letter |
| Coded Word | DMUNX | BGDBJ | ZMFKD |
Comparing with the Options
The coded word for "ANGLE" is ZMFKD. Let's compare this with the given options:
- Option 1: ZNDID
- Option 2: YLDJD
- Option 3: YNEJC
- Option 4: ZMFKD
Our derived code, ZMFKD, matches Option 4.
Conclusion on Coding Decoding
Based on the consistent pattern observed in the examples "ENVOY" is coded as "DMUNX" and "CHECK" is coded as "BGDBJ", the rule is to shift each letter back by one position in the alphabet. Applying this rule to "ANGLE" results in the coded word "ZMFKD".
The final answer is ZMFKD.
Revision Table: Coding Decoding Patterns
Understanding different types of coding decoding patterns is crucial for solving these questions quickly.
| Pattern Type | Description | Example (Simple) |
|---|---|---|
| Letter Shift | Each letter is shifted by a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet. | CAT \(\rightarrow\) DBU (Shift +1) |
| Reverse Letter Shift | Similar to letter shift, but the shift value might change for each letter. | BAT \(\rightarrow\) CAU (+1 for B, +1 for A, +1 for T) |
| Opposite Letters | Each letter is replaced by its opposite letter in the alphabet (A is opposite to Z, B to Y, etc.). | BOY \(\rightarrow\) YLB |
| Letter Reversal | The order of letters in the word is reversed. | TOP \(\rightarrow\) POT |
| Mixed Patterns | Combinations of the above or other logical rules (e.g., swapping pairs of letters, shifting vowels differently from consonants). | TEAM \(\rightarrow\) SZBL (Shift -1, +1, -1, +1) |
Additional Information on Letter Coding Reasoning
Letter coding is a common type of question in logical reasoning tests. It tests your ability to observe patterns and apply rules consistently. Here are some tips for solving such problems:
- Write down the alphabetical series with their positions (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26).
- Compare the original word and the coded word letter by letter. Note the change in position for each letter.
- Look for a consistent pattern across all letters in one example.
- Verify the identified pattern using the second example provided.
- Once the pattern is confirmed, apply it carefully to the word you need to code.
- Pay attention to wrap-around cases (e.g., shifting back from 'A' or forward from 'Z').
- Check your answer against the given options.
Mastering letter coding patterns improves your analytical and logical reasoning skills, which are valuable in many competitive exams.
Important Questions from Coding and Decoding By Letter Shifting
In a certain code language, 'INERTIA' is written as 'RGVKGBZ'. How will 'FLOWER' be written in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘ADVANCE’ is written as ‘VDAAECN’ and ‘BABYSIT’ is written as ‘BABYTIS’. How will ‘AFFABLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain language, CHHAPAK is coded as DJKEUGR. How will MALANGA be coded in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘DURABLES’ is written as ‘BSVETFMC’. How will ‘FEASIBLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain code language, 'FIXED' is written as 'XIFED' and 'MOUSE' is written as 'USOME'. How will 'GAMBIT' be written in that language?
