In 16-bit 2’s Complementation representation, the decimal number 28 is
1111 1111 1110 0100
The 2’s complement of a binary number is formed by inverting every bit (1’s complement) and adding 1; in a 16-bit word this pattern represents the negative of the number. Taking the 2’s complement of 28 in 16 bits therefore gives the 16-bit pattern of −28.
Step 1 — 28 = 16 + 8 + 4, so in 16 bits 28 = 0000 0000 0001 1100.
Step 2 — Invert every bit (1’s complement): 1111 1111 1110 0011.
Step 3 — Add 1: 1111 1111 1110 0011 + 1 = 1111 1111 1110 0100.
Step 4 — Check: 1111 1111 1110 0100 + 0000 0000 0001 1100 = 1 0000 0000 0000 0000, i.e. 0 in 16 bits, as expected for x + (−x).
1111 1111 1110 0011 is only the 1’s complement; 1111 1111 1111 0100 is −12; 1111 1111 0001 1100 is −228 (it keeps the low byte of 28 and merely sets the high byte).
1111 1111 1110 0100 option is correct.
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