Given the array of integers ‘array’ shown below : What is the output of the following JAVA statements ? int [ ] p = new int [10]; int [ ] q = new int [10]; for (int k = 0; k < 10; k ++) p[k] = array [k]; q = p; p[4] = 20; System.out.println(array [4] + “:” + q[4]);13 7 27 2 18 33 9 11 22 8
18 : 20
In Java an array variable holds a reference to an array object. Copying elements in a loop creates independent data, while assigning one array variable to another only copies the reference, so both names then point to the same object.
Step 1 — p and q are created as two separate arrays of 10 ints. The loop copies every element of array into p, so p[4] = array[4] = 18; array and p are distinct objects.
Step 2 — q = p; makes q refer to the same object as p. The array originally created for q is no longer referenced.
Step 3 — p[4] = 20; changes the shared object, so q[4] is now 20 as well, while array[4] is untouched and stays 18.
| Variable | Refers to | Value at index 4 |
|---|---|---|
| array | original array | 18 |
| p | new array (copy of array) | 18 → 20 |
| q | same object as p after q = p | 20 |
Step 4 — The println prints array[4], then the string “:”, then q[4], giving 18 and 20 separated by the colon.
20 : 20 would need array itself to be modified, 18 : 18 would need q to be an independent copy, and 20 : 18 reverses the two values.
18 : 20 option is correct.
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