Direction: In this section, item consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and sixth sentences are marked as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. This is followed by four options each suggesting a sequence of the sentences. Identify the most appropriate option. S1 : Vijayanagara or 'city of victory' was the name of both a city and an empire. S6 : They remembered it as Hampi, a name derived from that of the local Mother Goddess, Pampadevi. P : In its heyday, it stretched from send the river Krishna in the North to the extreme South of the peninsula. Q : The empire was founded in the fourteenth century. R : In 1565, the city was destroyed and subsequently deserted. S : Although it fell into ruin in the seventeenth-eighteenth centuries, it lived on in the memories of people living in the Krishna-Tungabhadra Doab.) The correct sequence should be
Understanding the Vijayanagara Paragraph Jumble
This question asks us to arrange four jumbled sentences (P, Q, R, S) between a fixed starting sentence (S1) and a fixed ending sentence (S6) to form a coherent and logical passage about the Vijayanagara empire.
Analyzing the Fixed Sentences (S1 and S6)
- S1: "Vijayanagara or 'city of victory' was the name of both a city and an empire." This sentence introduces the subject: the Vijayanagara empire and its capital city.
- S6: "They remembered it as Hampi, a name derived from that of the local Mother Goddess, Pampadevi." This sentence talks about how the city was remembered by people, specifically mentioning the name Hampi.
S1 sets up the topic, and S6 provides information about its lasting memory under a different name. The middle sentences must bridge the gap between this introduction and the final memory.
Analyzing the Jumbled Sentences (P, Q, R, S)
- P: "In its heyday, it stretched from send the river Krishna in the North to the extreme South of the peninsula." This sentence describes the geographical extent of the empire at its peak or most prosperous time. The phrase "in its heyday" suggests a time after its founding.
- Q: "The empire was founded in the fourteenth century." This sentence provides the founding date of the Vijayanagara empire. This seems like a natural follow-up to the introduction of the empire in S1.
- R: "In 1565, the city was destroyed and subsequently deserted." This sentence states a specific event: the destruction and desertion of the city in 1565. This marks a significant decline.
- S: "Although it fell into ruin in the seventeenth-eighteenth centuries, it lived on in the memories of people living in the Krishna-Tungabhadra Doab." This sentence talks about the city/empire falling into ruin over a longer period and surviving in people's memories. This connects the physical state (ruin) with the theme of memory mentioned in S6.
Finding the Logical Sequence
Let's try to connect the sentences logically based on the flow of information, especially chronology:
- S1 introduces the Vijayanagara empire.
- The founding of the empire (Q) is the most logical event to mention immediately after its introduction. So, S1 is followed by Q.
- After mentioning the founding, describing the empire at its peak (P) makes sense. The phrase "in its heyday" connects well after knowing it was founded. So, Q is followed by P.
- Following the description of the empire's peak (heyday), mentioning its destruction (R) provides a contrast and moves the narrative forward to its decline. So, P is followed by R.
- After the city's destruction (R), discussing its subsequent ruin and survival in memory (S) provides the transition to the final sentence (S6) which specifically mentions the name Hampi from memory. So, R is followed by S.
- S6 then concludes by elaborating on how it was remembered as Hampi.
This forms the sequence S1 → Q → P → R → S → S6.
The middle four sentences are QPRS.
Verifying the Sequence (QPRS)
Let's read the sentences in the order S1, Q, P, R, S, S6:
- S1: Vijayanagara or 'city of victory' was the name of both a city and an empire.
- Q: The empire was founded in the fourteenth century. (Introduces founding time)
- P: In its heyday, it stretched from send the river Krishna in the North to the extreme South of the peninsula. (Describes extent at peak, following founding)
- R: In 1565, the city was destroyed and subsequently deserted. (Describes a major decline event, following the peak)
- S: Although it fell into ruin in the seventeenth-eighteenth centuries, it lived on in the memories of people living in the Krishna-Tungabhadra Doab. (Describes later ruin and survival in memory, following destruction)
- S6: They remembered it as Hampi, a name derived from that of the local Mother Goddess, Pampadevi. (Continues the theme of memory from S)
This sequence flows logically and chronologically, discussing the Vijayanagara empire from its founding and peak to its destruction, ruin, and survival in memory as Hampi.
The correct sequence of the middle sentences is QPRS.
Revision Table: Paragraph Jumble Strategy
| Step | Action | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Read S1 and S6 carefully | Understand the start and end points of the passage. Identify the main topic and concluding idea. |
| 2 | Read P, Q, R, S sentences | Understand the content of each jumbled sentence. Look for keywords, themes, and potential connections. |
| 3 | Identify introductory/concluding sentences | Look for sentences that naturally follow S1 or lead into S6. Q often follows S1, and S often leads to S6 in this type of jumble about decline/memory. |
| 4 | Look for chronological links | Sentences often follow a time sequence (founding → peak → decline → ruin). Q (founding), P (heyday), R (destruction), S (ruin) show this pattern. |
| 5 | Look for cause-and-effect or descriptive links | Does one sentence explain the consequence of another? Does one describe something introduced in a previous sentence? P describes the extent after founding (Q). R describes destruction after the peak (P). S describes ruin/memory after destruction (R). |
| 6 | Form a likely sequence | Based on the links, build a potential order (e.g., QPRS). |
| 7 | Read the full passage | Read S1 + potential sequence + S6 to check for coherence and smooth transitions. |
Additional Information on Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire was a major South Indian empire based in the Deccan Plateau. Its capital city was Vijayanagara, located on the banks of the Tungabhadra River.
- Founding: Traditionally believed to be founded in 1336 by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty.
- Heyday: The empire reached its peak under rulers like Krishnadevaraya in the early 16th century, controlling a vast territory.
- Decline: The empire suffered a major defeat in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 against the Deccan Sultanates. The city of Vijayanagara was sacked and largely destroyed after this battle.
- Legacy: Despite the destruction of the capital, the empire continued in a reduced form for some time from other locations. The ruins of Vijayanagara near modern-day Hampi are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Hampi is the local name for the area, derived from the ancient name Pampa, related to the goddess Pampadevi.
Similar Questions
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R : Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was one of the most essential items of food.
S : The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.
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Q : Winter and summer seasons are more or less dry in most part of the country.
R : Irrigation is needed because of spatio-temporal variability in rainfall in the country.
S: North-Western India and Deccan Plateau constitute such areas.
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S1 : Manipur has a long and glorious history from before the beginning of the Christian Era.
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P : Then, Manipur came under the British rule in 1891.
Q : The independence and sovereignty remained uninterrupted until the Burmese invasion and occupation for around seven years in the first quarter of the 19th century (1819-1826).
R : The political history of Manipur could be traced back to 33 AD with the coronation of Nongda Lairen Pakhangba.
S : After Pakhangba, a number of kings ruled over the Kingdom of Manipur.
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S1: According to the legend it was during a famine in China many thousands of years ago that rice first came into the lives of the Asians.
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S1: Ramu was in a great hurry.
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Important Questions from Para Jumbles
Rearrange the 4 disorganized sentences P, Q, R and S to form a meaningful paragraph.
P : cricket is a religion in India and
Q : most of the other sports suffer
R : due to the extra importance given to cricket as a game
S : it is known to all
Proper order is
A. PQSR
B. PSQR
C. QSPR
D. SPRQ
Rearrange the 4 disorganized sentences P, Q, R and S to form a meaningful paragraph.
P : is mostly produced in rural farms
Q : India is a leading producer of
R : milk is the most important of them and
S : dairy products by volume
Proper order is
A. SRPQ
B. QSPR
C. QPSR
D. QSRP
Rearrange the 4 disorganized sentences P, Q, R and S to form a meaningful paragraph.
P: mostly decided by the market conditions
Q: Sometimes, a United States dollar is worth only 12 pesos in Mexico
R: the rates of exchange between them vary from time to time
S: and some other time it can be 100 pesos
Proper order is -
A. PRSQ
B. QPRS
C. QSRP
D. QSPR
Directions: Given below are four jumbled sentences. Out of the given options select the one that gives their correct order.
A. Anush was very afraid of stray dogs.
B. Anush’s mother saw the dog chasing her son.
C. One evening, when a street dog barked at him, Anush turned and started running.
D. The dog ran after him barking loudly and fiercely.
Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the right order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
A. In arid regions it may form an almost erect shrub.
B. The grape is usually a woody vine, climbing by means of tendrils and often reaching a length of 17 metres or more.
C. Small greenish flowers, in clusters, precede the fruit, which varies in colour from almost black to green, red and amber.
D. The edible leaves are alternate, palmately lobed and always tooth-edged.
