Question
Consider the following statements regarding a plane wave propagating through free space. The direction of field :
A. 'E' is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
B. 'H' is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
C. 'E' is perpendicular to the direction of field 'H'.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
A, B and C Only
Plane Wave Properties in Free Space
A plane wave propagating through free space has specific characteristics regarding its electric field (E), magnetic field (H), and direction of propagation. Let's analyze the given statements:
Statement Analysis
- A. 'E' is perpendicular to the direction of propagation. This statement is TRUE. In electromagnetic plane waves, the electric field vector oscillates in a direction transverse (perpendicular) to the direction the wave travels.
- B. 'H' is perpendicular to the direction of propagation. This statement is TRUE. Similar to the electric field, the magnetic field vector also oscillates perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
- C. 'E' is perpendicular to the direction of field 'H'. This statement is TRUE. The electric field vector (E), the magnetic field vector (H), and the direction of propagation vector (often denoted as k) are mutually perpendicular to each other in free space. This means E ⊥ H.
Conclusion
Since all three statements (A, B, and C) accurately describe the properties of a plane wave in free space, the correct option includes all of them.
Therefore, statements A, B, and C are all correct.
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