A. $Z_{12} = Z_{21}$
B. $Y_{12} = Y_{21}$
C. $h_{12} = h_{21}$
D. $AD - BC = 1$
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
To solve the given question about two-port reciprocal networks, we need to understand the properties and definitions associated with reciprocal networks in different parameter representations such as impedance (Z-parameters), admittance (Y-parameters), hybrid (h-parameters), and ABCD parameters. Let's analyze each statement one by one:
Statement A: \(Z_{12} = Z_{21}\)
This statement refers to the condition of reciprocity for Z-parameters (impedance parameters). For a reciprocal network, the Z-parameters should be equal, i.e., \(Z_{12} = Z_{21}\). This statement is correct for reciprocal networks.
Statement B: \(Y_{12} = Y_{21}\)
This statement refers to the condition of reciprocity for Y-parameters (admittance parameters). For a reciprocal network, the Y-parameters should also be equal, i.e., \(Y_{12} = Y_{21}\). This statement is correct for reciprocal networks.
Statement C: \(h_{12} = h_{21}\)
For h-parameters (hybrid parameters), the condition for reciprocity is that \(h_{12} = -h_{21}\), not \(h_{12} = h_{21}\). Therefore, this statement is incorrect for a reciprocal network.
Statement D: \(AD - BC = 1\)
This statement refers to the condition of reciprocity for ABCD parameters (also known as transmission parameters or chain parameters). For a reciprocal network, the determinant condition \(AD - BC = 1\) must be satisfied. This statement is correct for reciprocal networks.
Based on the analysis, the correct statements for a reciprocal network are A, B, and D. Therefore, the correct answer is:
A, B, D only
Similar Questions
- Calculate the output voltage of an op-amp for input voltages of $V_{i1} = 150 \mu\text{V}$ and $V_{i2} = 140 \mu\text{V}$. The amplifier has a differential gain of $A_d = 4000$ and the value of CMRR is $100$ :
- For an op-amp having a slew rate of $4\text{ V}/\mu\text{s}$, what is the maximum closed-loop voltage gain that can be used when input signal varies by $0.1\text{V}$ in $10\mu\text{s}$ ?
For the series diode configuration of the given figure, determine $V_D$ and $I_D$.
For the given emitter-bias network, determine the values of $I_C$ and $V_{CE}$. Assume $\beta = 100$.
- Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The gate of a MOSFET is insulated from body of FET by deposition of a very thin fragile layer of $\text{SiO}_2$ over the substrate.
Reason (R) : The device is therefore called an insulated gate field-effect transistor (IGFET).
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The body effect in MOSFET causes the threshold voltage $V_{\text{th}}$ to increase as source-body voltage $V_{\text{SB}}$ increases.
Reason (R) : Increasing $V_{\text{SB}}$ raises the surface potential and therefore reduces the barrier for inversion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : - Sequence for standard n-well fabrication process is :
A. Passivation
B. n-well implant
C. Metallization
D. Source/drain diffusion
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : - What is the typical efficiency of half-wave rectifier:
- The sequence of physical events when forward bias is applied to PN junction:
A. Barrier potential reduces
B. Majority carriers injected across junction
C. Recombination in neutral regions increases
D. Diffusion current established across quasi-neutral regions
E. Net forward current increases
Choose the correct answer from the options given below : - In an op-amp which of the following parameters depend on frequency.
A. Voltage gain
B. Noise current
C. CMRR
D. Output voltage swing
E. Gain bandwidth product
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Important Questions from Miscellaneous
- Which of the following scheduler/schedulers is/are also called CPU scheduler ?
(A). Short Term Scheduler
(B). Long Term Scheduler
(C). Medium Term Scheduler
(D). Asymmetric Scheduler
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: - A situation where two or more processes are blocked, waiting for resources held by each other is called:
- External fragmentation occurs ________.
- Which disk scheduling algorithm looks for the track closest to the current head position?
- Which CPU scheduling algorithm prefers the process with the shortest burst time?
